Browsing Research Articles [LISBE] by Issue Date
Now showing items 81-100 of 865
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Outbreak investigation and control case report of brucellosis: experience from livestock research centre, Mpwapwa, Tanzania.
(AOSIS, 2014-11-25)Brucellosis screening was conducted between 2005 and 2010 at the National Livestock Research Institute headquarters, Mpwapwa, Tanzania, following an abortion storm in cattle. The initial screening targeted breeding herds; ... -
Molecular Genetic Diversity of Grapevines to Produce Powdery mildew Resistant Genotypes
(American Journal of Research Communication, 2015)Grapevine powdery mildew is a fungal disease caused by Erysiphe necator (formerly Uncinula necator) which is an obligate parasite. It is considered to be one of the most important fungal diseases in viticulture worldwide ... -
16S rRNA Amplicons Survey Revealed Unprecedented Bacterial Community in Solid Biomedical Wastes
(Science and Education Publishing, 2015)Despite known risks of inappropriate disposal of biomedical solid waste; most cities in developing countries are still disposing unsorted and untreated solid biomedical waste in common dumpsites. While many studies reported ... -
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Phenotype of Enteric Bacteria from a Municipal Dumpsite
(Science and Education Publishing, 2015)The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and antibiotic resistance phenotype of enteric bacteria from the municipal dumpsite. A qualitative survey of the dumpsite was conducted to identify types of solid ... -
Challenges in Diagnosis of Febrile illnesses in Tanzania in the Era of Declining Malaria Epidemiology
(American Journal of Research Communication, 2015)Malaria and other febrile illnesses are very common especially in children in developing countries. Due to reliance on clinical algorithms for diagnosis in resource-poor settings, most febrile episodes have always been ... -
Decline in maize and beans production in the face of climate change at Hai District in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
(Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2015)Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show how climatic change in Africa is expected to lead to a higher occurrence of severe droughts in semiarid and arid ecosystems. Understanding how crop productions react to such ... -
Maternal, newborn and child health needs, opportunities and preferred futures in Arusha and Ngorongoro: hearing women’s voices
(Petrucka et al. BMC Res Notes, 2015)With the approaching sunset on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), Tanzania continues with its final national push towards achievement of MDG #4 and MDG #5. The Mama Kwanza Socio-economic Health Initiative (MKSHI) ... -
Monitoring of efficacy and safety of artemisininbased anti-malarials for treatment of uncomplicated malaria: a review of evidence of implementation of anti-malarial therapeutic efficacy trials in Tanzania
(BioMed Central, 2015)Background: Prompt diagnosis and effective treatment are considered the cornerstones of malaria control and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is currently the main anti-malarial drugs used for case management. After ... -
In vitro Antimycobacterial Activity of Sterculia quinqueloba (Garcke) K. Schumand Canthium crassum Hiern
(European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2015-01-06)Aim: To screen for the anti-mycobacterial activity of Canthium crassum and Sterculia quinqueloba using two mycobacteria species the Mycobacteria madagascariense and Mycobacteria indicuspranii. Study Design: In vitro ... -
Can diverse herbivore communities increase landscape heterogeneity? Comparing wild and domestic herbivore assemblages in a South African savanna
(Elsevier, 2015-02)The structure and composition of woody and grassy vegetation in savannas is strongly influenced by herbivores. In recent decades, the proportion of browsers has declined across African savannas in favour of more grazers, ... -
Maasai Community Perception of Oral Thrush: A Qualitative Study
(Journal of Scientific Research & Reports, 2015-02-03)Aim: To determine perception and understanding of oral thrush among Maasai women of reproductive age (WRA), Traditional Birth Attendants (TBAs), village leaders and health care workers in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area ... -
Oral lipid-based nanoformulation of tafenoquine enhanced bioavailability and blood stage antimalarial efficacy and led to a reduction in human red blood cell loss in mice
(Dovepress, 2015-02-20): Tafenoquine (TQ), a new synthetic analog of primaquine, has relatively poor bioavailability and associated toxicity in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient individuals. A microemulsion formulation of TQ ... -
Curdlan-Conjugated PLGA Nanoparticles Possess Macrophage Stimulant Activity and Drug Delivery Capabilities
(Springer, 2015-03-28)Purpose There is significant interest in the application of nanoparticles to deliver immunostimulatory signals to cells.We hypothesized that curdlan (immune stimulating polymer) could be conjugated to PLGA and nanoparticles ... -
Human food safety and environmental hazards associated with the use of methyltestosterone and other steroids in production of all-male tilapia
(Springer, 2015-04)In recent years, all-male cultures of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) have been the most preferred mode of production in aquaculture industry. All-male individuals achieve higher somatic growth rate and shut high ... -
One Health: a concept led by Africa, with global benefits
(BMJ Publishing Group, 2015-05-09)One Health evolved from the recognition that an interdisciplinary approach is required to understand complex health problems, and that the health of humans and animals are inextricably linked. Through closer ... -
In Vitro Callus Induction and Shoot Regeneration from Leaf Explants of Glinus lotoides (L.)—An Important Medicinal Plant
(Scientific Research Publishing Inc., 2015-06-05)G. lotoides L. is a threatened plant that is frequently harvested for medicinal purpose. However, its distribution in the world is limited because of short period of seed viability and poor seed germination. The objective ... -
Mycolic acids, a promising mycobacterial ligand for targeting of nanoencapsulated drugs in tuberculosis
(Elsevier, 2015-06-06)The appearance of drug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) poses a great challenge to the development of novel treatment programmes to combat tuberculosis. Since innovative nanotechnologiesmight ... -
Prospects of Biotechnological Approaches for Propagation and Improvement of Threatened African Sandalwood (Osyris lanceolata Hochst. & Steud.)
(Scientific Research Publishing Inc., 2015-07-26)The African Sandalwood plant (Osyris lanceolata ) is a threatened shrub or a small hemi-parasitic tree endemic to East Africa and South African regions, which is being severely affected by uprooting for oil extraction, ... -
Type 2 Diabetes Prevalence and Risk Factors of Urban Maasai in Arusha Municipality and Rural Maasai in Ngorongoro Crater
(Journal of Applied Life Sciences International, 2015-09-12)Aim: The study explored potential impacts of migration on Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) prevalence and risk factors across Maasai ethnic communities living traditional rural lifestyles and those living in an urban environment. Method: ... -
The neurochemistry and social flow of singing: bonding and oxytocin.
(Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 2015-09-23)Music is used in healthcare to promote physical and psychological well-being. As clinical applications of music continue to expand, there is a growing need to understand the biological mechanisms by which music influences ...