Browsing Materials, Energy, Water and Environmental Sciences by Title
Now showing items 346-365 of 579
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Natural Dye Sensitizer for Grӓtzel Cells: Sepia Melanin
(Science and Education Publishing, 2015)The efficiency of Grätzel cell can be further improved by the anchoring groups, such as COOH to be adsorbed onto the TiO2 surface with a large electronic coupling. Some of the most efficient sensitizers are synthetic dyes ... -
Natural dyes for solar cell application: uv-visible spectra and outdoor photovoltaic performance
(Research Journal in Engineering and Applied Sciences, 2014-09)Successful conversion of visible light into electrical output was achieved by using four locally available natural dyes as wide band gap semiconductor sensitizers in Dye-sensitized solar cells. Natural dyes extracted from ... -
Natural Groundwater Recharge Response to Climate Variability and Land Cover Change Perturbations in Basins with Contrasting Climate and Geology in Tanzania
(MDPI, 2021-08-30)The response of aquifers with contrasting climate and geology to climate and land cover change perturbations through natural groundwater recharge remains inadequately understood. In Tanzania and elsewhere in the world, ... -
The need to enforce minimum environmental flow requirements in Tanzania to preserve estuaries: case study of mangrove-fringed Wami River estuary
(Elsevier, 2015-11-01)The importance of restoring and maintaining environmental flows for sustaining the ecosystem integrity of rivers has been recognized in policies and legal frameworks in many countries. However this is routinely not implemented ... -
Neither modern nor traditional: Farmer-led irrigation development in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
(Elsevier B.V., 2019-04)The debate around what kind of irrigation, large- or small-scale, modern or traditional, best contributes to food security and rural development continues to shape irrigation policies and development in the Global South. ... -
Non-competitive and competitive detoxification of As (III) ions from single and binary biosorption systems and biosorbent regeneration
(Springer Nature Switzerland AG., 2023-01-14)The quantity of studies reporting on single-metal sorption systems is increasing every day while the elimination of heavy metals in binary and multisolute systems is seldom reported. Therefore, the biosorption and desorption ... -
A Novel and Facile Method to Characterize the Suitability of Metallic Iron for Water Treatment
(MDPI, 2019-11-23)Metallic iron (Fe0) materials have been industrially used for water treatment since the 1850s. There are still many fundamental challenges in affordably and reliably characterizing the Fe0 intrinsic reactivity. From the ... -
Novel use of portable gamma sensors to rapidly assess soil status and recovery in degraded East African agro-pastoral land
(Copernicus Publications, 2024-05-01)Soil resources in East African agro-pastoral lands are being rapidly depleted by erosion, threatening food, water and livelihood security. Here we explore the utility of innovation in portable gamma sensors to rapidly ... -
Numerical Analysis of Heat Exchanger for Spray-Assisted Low-Temperature Desalination System
(Hindawi, 2020-12-12)A numerical study for heat exchanger for spray-assisted low-temperature desalination system is presented for an existing low-temperature desalination unit at Arusha Technical College. This is aimed at recognizing the effect ... -
Nutrients’ distribution and their impact on Pangani River Basin’s ecosystem – Tanzania
(Taylor & Francis Group, 2017-05-05)Surface and groundwater from Pangani River Basin (PRB) were sampled in dry and wet seasons, analysed for dissolved organic and inorganic nutrients (N, P, Si and Urea). There was spatial and seasonal nutrients’ variability, ... -
Occurrence of nitrate in Tanzanian groundwater aquifers: A review
(Springer Open, 2015-03-06)More than 25 % of Tanzanian depends on groundwater as the main source of water for drinking, irrigation and industrial activities. The current trend of land use may lead to groundwater contamination and thus increasing ... -
Oldoinyo Lengai Volcanic Ash for Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia from Biogas
(Scientific Research an Academic Publisher, 2018-04-13)Oldoinyo Lengai mountain located in Northern Tanzania is the only active natrocarbonatite volcano with unusually alkali-rich natrocarbonatites which are not found elsewhere in the world. Volcanic ash formed earlier during ... -
Open-Source Software Application for Hydrogeological Delineation of Potential Groundwater Recharge Zones in the Singida Semi-Arid, Fractured Aquifer, Central Tanzania
(MDPI, 2020-05-17)This study attempted to delineate and map potential groundwater recharge zones of the Singida, semi-arid, fractured crystalline basement aquifer using open source remote sensing and GIS software. Various thematic maps ... -
Operating Conditions of A Locally Made Fixed-Bed Incinerator, a Case Study of Bagamoyo – Tanzania
(Science Publishing Group, 2015-03-18)To minimize the pollution from municipal solid waste incinerators, the study of operating conditions is imperative. The local design incinerators can be used for high performance combustion and minimize pollutions. The ... -
Optimization of biogas production process in solid state digesters: option for minimizing deforestation in dry areas
(NM-AIST, 2019-03)Questionnaire survey, satellite images of 1987, 1997, 2002 and 2017 were used to assess energy sources, demand and the impact of fuel wood use to forest cover changes in Meru and Mwanga districts. The major energy sources ... -
Optimization of domestic biogas stove burner for efficient energy utilization
(NM-AIST, 2020-08)The inefficient indoor burning of fuel wood on traditional cook stoves generates pollutants, primarily carbon monoxide and many other human health-damaging emissions. It is from this risk that it is necessary to have an ... -
Optimization of incineration process
(NM-AIST, 2019-02)Municipal solid waste management has become a challenge in many cities in the developing countries due to the poor methods of waste disposal, which increase the risk of the spread of diseases, leach and increase the demand ... -
Optimization of microwave-assisted alkali pretreatment followed by acid hydrolysis of sugarcane straw for production of acetone-butanol-ethanol
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2020-05-07)The production of acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) calls for effective pretreatment and hydrolysis techniques to maximize reducing sugar yields. In this study, optimized microwave-assisted alkali (MAA) pretreatment followed ... -
Optimization of Sedimentation Tank Coupled with Inclined Plate Settlers as a Pre-treatment for High Turbidity Water
(International Institute for Science, Technology and Education(IISTE), 2015)Access to clean and safe drinking water is a challenge in most rural areas of Tanzania. Unsafe drinking water is a major cause of water-related diseases that predominantly affect people living in developing countries. In ... -
Optimization of sub- and supercritical water gasification of rice husk enhanced with iron-doped alkaline-earth catalysts
(NM-AIST, 2022-05)Biomass is a promising renewable energy source widely available worldwide, particularly in developing countries where clean and affordable energy is a major problem. Biomass gasification is an attractive technology ...