Larvicidal Activity of Leaf and Stem extracts of Sterculiaquinquelob(Garcke) K. SchumAgainst the Anopheles gambiae Giles S.S, Culexquinquefasciatus Say and AedesaegyptiMosquito

Abstract

Larvicidal activity of crude petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH) extracts of leaves and stem barks of Sterculiaquinqueloba (Garcke) K. Schum were testedagainst the late 3 instar larvae of Anopheles gambiae, Aedesaegypti and Culexquinquefasciatusat 5 different concentrations50 – 800µg/ml. The larval mortality was observed after 24h, 48h and 72h of exposure. At 24h of exposure all extracts showed moderate larvicidal effects, except for methanolic extracts which showed very week effect at LC 50 rd >750µg/ml.The highest larvicidal activityrecorded for leaf extracts against each species used were LC 50 27.61µg/ml(EtOAc extracts), LC 50 43.9µg/ml(PE extracts) and LC 50 68.2µg/ml(EtOAc extracts) for A. gambiae, C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti respectively. Only EtOAc extract of stem against A. gambiae gave LC 50 range between 50 - 100µg/ml. Generally leaf extracts showed higher activity than stem extract. This is an ideal eco-friendly approach aid for the control of mosquito species A. gambiae, A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus.