Fluoride Sorption Using Zirconium ion-impregnated Macadamia Nutshell-Derived Biochar from Aqueous Solution: Adsorption Isotherms and Kinetic Modeling
| dc.contributor.author | Yegon, Andrew | |
| dc.contributor.author | Mtavangu, Stanslaus | |
| dc.contributor.author | Rwiza, Mwemezi | |
| dc.contributor.author | Machunda, Revocatus | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-09-14T10:55:05Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-09-14T10:55:05Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022-11-26 | |
| dc.description | SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation, SDG 12: Responsible Consumption and Production, SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being. | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | Zirconium ion-impregnated macadamia nutshell biochar (ZMNB) was synthesized and tested for its fluoride sorption capacity by exploiting batch experiments. Four temperatures (300, 400, 500, and 600 ℃) were used to pyrolyze the macadamia nutshells to yield macadamia nutshell biochar (MNB) which was separately impregnated with Zr (IV) aqueous solution. Both non-modified and chemically modified MNB were assessed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflection Fourier Transform Infra-red (ATR-FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDS), thermogravimetric analysis, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analyzer. The sequence of F− adsorption capacities for the synthesized biosorbents was ZMNB 300 > ZMNB 400 > ZMNB 500 > ZMNB 600, which revealed the influence of pyrolysis temperature on sorption process. ZMNB 300 had a maximum percentage fluoride removal effectiveness of 99.05% using 1.0 g L− 1 adsorbent lot, at neutral pH for an interaction period of 1 h. The adsorption studies suited perfectly with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the linear Langmuir isotherm, affirming a chemisorption process. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the calculated ΔG° value (-5.593 kJ mol− 1) ascribed the rapidity and spontaneity of the sorption action, ΔH° value (30.102 kJ mol− 1) elucidated the endothermic, irreversible and chemisorption process whereas the ΔS° value (118.55 J mol− 1 K− 1) signified the F− adsorption’s random trait on the solid or liquid interface of the ZMNB 300. Results from the sorption experiments using fluoride-contaminated natural water removed the F− ions below the curbed WHO standard (1.5 mg L− 1) for drinking water and therefore, a potential material for practical applications. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-2299580/v1 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://dspace.nm-aist.ac.tz/handle/20.500.12479/2001 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Research Article | en_US |
| dc.title | Fluoride Sorption Using Zirconium ion-impregnated Macadamia Nutshell-Derived Biochar from Aqueous Solution: Adsorption Isotherms and Kinetic Modeling | en_US |
| dc.type | Article | en_US |