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    Comparison of the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from commercial-layer and free-range chickens in Arusha district, Tanzania

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    Research Article (381.4Kb)
    Date
    2016-09-14
    Author
    Rugumisa, Bernadether
    Call, Douglas
    Mwanyika, Gaspary
    Subbiah, Murugan
    Buza, Joram
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    Abstract
    The antibiotic susceptibility of fecal Escherichia coli isolates from commercial-layer and free-range chickens in Arusha district, Tanzania were compared. All the chickens were raised by individual households, but commercial-layer chickens were purchased from commercial vendors, whereas no systematic breeding system was used to produce free-range chickens. A total of 1,800 E. coli isolates (1,200 from commercial-layer chickens and 600 from free-range chickens) were tested for susceptibility to 11 antibiotics by breakpoint assays. All E. coli isolates were susceptible to gentamicin, ceftazidime and cefotaxime. Isolates from commercial-layer chickens had a high prevalence of resistance (32.4- 74.5%) for amoxicillin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, streptomycin, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, while the prevalence of resistance to these antibiotics was lower (7-31.5%) for freerange chickens (P<0.05). Both groups had a similar prevalence of resistance to chloramphenicol (1.17- 1.5%; P>0.05). For antibiotic resistant strains, 64.1 and 91.5% of free-range and commercial-layer isolates, respectively, were resistant to ≥ 2 antibiotics. Commercial-layer chickens harbored significantly more resistant E. coli isolates (P<0.001) than free-range chickens, consistent with more exposure to antibiotics when compared with free-range chickens. Efforts should be directed towards motivating household owners to limit the use of antibiotics when they are investing in these breeds.
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    DOI: 10.5897/AJMR2016.8251
    http://dspace.nm-aist.ac.tz/handle/123456789/457
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