| dc.description.abstract | Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp. remains an intractable problem in the most common bean (Phaseolus
vulgaris) production areas worldwide and can cause total yield loss. Many smallholder farmers are familiar with using
botanical extracts to control insect pests; however, there is less familiarity with their use to control fungal diseases
due to a lack of evidence. Here, we demonstrate that anthracnose could be controlled effectively by pesticidal plant
species that are used for insect control. In laboratory trials, water extracts from 11 plant species could inhibit fungal
growth (100%) and spore germination (75–100%) equally well to two commercially available fungicides, the syn-
thetic Mancolaxyl and biofungicide Bioderma. In screenhouse trials, anthracnose disease was reduced by the extracts
of three plant species. Moreover, bean crop growth in these botanical treatments did not differ significantly
from that observed in the commercial fungicide treated plants. Field trials in a smallholder community reporting
severe problems with anthracnose showed an effect similar to the screenhouse results. Field trials resulted in bean
seed yields approximately 350 kg/ha higher in bean plants treated with Azadirachta indica and Lippia javanica at 10%
w/v compared to the negative control untreated plants. In all trials, botanical extracts were as effective as commer-
cially available fungicides, suggesting that these botanical extracts could provide dual-purpose pest and disease
management for anthracnose and crop pest insects. The outcomes of this research show that prospects for using
locally available resources to control anthracnose on common bean are credible and can be combined with control-
ling insect pests. | en_US |
