Browsing Life sciences and Bio-engineering by Title
Now showing items 104-123 of 1024
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Biological properties and safety profile of extracts from locally grown banana leaves in Arusha, Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2021-07)The current study assessed the biological properties and safety profile of extracts from locally grown banana leaves in Arusha (Tanzania) to affirm their possible use for wound dressing. Phytoconstituents screening ... -
Biology, predatory activity and peoples’perceptions towards apefly (spalgis spp.) in Tanzania
(2020-05)In June 2017, farmers in central and northern Tanzania reported the occurrence of what they called an unusual insect with a human-like facial appearance that they referred to as “Kidudu-mtu.” The reports prompted the ... -
Biomonitoring of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Activity among Smallholder Horticultural Farmers Occupationally Exposed to Mixtures of Pesticides in Tanzania
(Hindawi, 2019-09-11)Biomonitoring of pesticides exposure has currently become a matter of great public concern due to the potential health effects of pesticides. ,is study assessed levels of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and associated ... -
Biomonitoring of pesticides exposure and the fate of pesticides use among smallholder vegetable producers in Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2020-08)This study assessed drivers of increased and changing patterns of pesticide use, levels of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, associated health effects and co-exposure risks of pesticide residues and bacterial ... -
Bionomics of the African Apefly (Spalgis lemolea) as A Potential Natural Enemy of the Papaya Mealybug (Paracoccus marginatus) in Tanzania
(MDPI, 2020-04-14)The African apefly (Spalgis lemolea Druce) is a potential natural enemy of the papaya mealybug (Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink). We studied the life history of apeflies in the laboratory at a temperature ... -
Biopesticide efficacy of four plant essential oils against papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)
(Heliyon, 2023-03-01)Worldwide, P. marginatus causes 75% of estimated economic loss in papaya farming, with an increase in production costs. The extract of plant essential oils (PEO) has the potential to control P. marginatus by degrading ... -
Biovar 2 of Ralstonia solanacearum Species Complex Causes Tomato Bacterial Wilt Disease in Tanzania
(Science Alert, 2020-03)Background and Objective: Bacterial wilt disease (BWD) caused by complex species of Ralstonia solanacearum (RSSC) has been categorized as one of the most significant plant diseases in the world. It is a serious problem ... -
Blood cytokine responses to early secreted protein antigen-6/culture filtrate protein-10 tuberculosis antigens 2 months after antituberculosis treatment among patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis.
(Wolters Kluwer - Medknow, 2019-03-12)Background: Human tuberculosis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pulmonary tuberculosis is the result of the failure of host immune system to control mycobacterium tuberculosis. The ... -
Botanical Pesticides in Management of Common Bean Pests: Importance and Possibilities for Adoption by Small-scale Farmers in Africa
(Journal of Applied Life Sciences International, 2017-06-17)Botanical Pesticides (BPs) have been cited and are used as alternative to synthetic pesticides in agricultural systems worldwide. The BPs are believed to be safe to the environment and are used in pest control to avoid ... -
Breeding potential of lablab [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet]: a review on characterization and bruchid studies towards improved production and utilization in Africa
(Springer Nature Switzerland AG., 2021-09-21)Lablab (Lablab purpureus) [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] is termed a lost, underutilized and neglected crop in Africa. Despite the multipurpose use, production, consumption and research are still limited. Wide genetic ... -
Breeding potential of lablab [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet]: a review on characterization and bruchid studies towards improved production and utilization in Africa
(Springer Netherlands, 2021-09-22)Lablab (Lablab purpureus) [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet] is termed a lost, underutilized and neglected crop in Africa. Despite the multipurpose use, production, consumption and research are still limited. Wide genetic ... -
Building Resilient Crop Production Systems for Drought-Prone Areas—A Case for Bambara Groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) and Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)
(MDPI, 2023-01-28)Drought is a major crop production constraint worldwide. Some legume crops are known for their ability to resist water deficit stress. This study evaluated the responses of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc) ... -
Building sustainable societies through vertical soilless farming: A cost-effectiveness analysis on a small-scale non-greenhouse hydroponic system
(Elsevier, 2022-08)The growing rate of population and urbanization among African cities versus the reducing arable land has roused curiosity in soilless farming as an urban farming method to enhance food security and urban sustainability. ... -
C-reactive protein as a triage test in guiding who should get a confirmatory test for pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosis among adults: a case-control proof - of - concept study from urban Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-07)The current screening tools for tuberculosis (TB) are inadequate resulting in insufficient TB case detection and continued community transmission of TB. As the world is geared into finding missing TB cases, new strategies ... -
C-Reactive Protein as a Triage Test in Guiding Who Should Get a Confirmatory Test for Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diagnosis among Adults: A Case-Control Proof-of-Concept Study from Urban Tanzania
(Scientific Research Publishing Inc., 2022-03-25)Background: The current screening tools for tuberculosis (TB) are inadequate resulting in insufficient TB case detection and continued community transmission of TB. As the world is geared into finding missing TB cases, new ... -
Can Cynodon dactylon Suppress the Growth and Development of the Invasive Weeds Tagetes minuta and Gutenbergia cordifolia?
(MDPI, 2019-12-06)Approaches to managing invasive plants is challenging, particularly in protected areas where conventional methods, such as chemical herbicide applications are limited. We studied the effects of varying densities of Cynodon ... -
Can Cynodon dactylon Suppress the Growth and Development of the Invasive Weeds Tagetes minuta and Gutenbergia cordifolia?
(MDPI, 2019-12-06)Approaches to managing invasive plants is challenging, particularly in protected areas where conventional methods, such as chemical herbicide applications are limited. We studied the effects of varying densities of Cynodon ... -
Can diverse herbivore communities increase landscape heterogeneity? Comparing wild and domestic herbivore assemblages in a South African savanna
(Elsevier, 2015-02)The structure and composition of woody and grassy vegetation in savannas is strongly influenced by herbivores. In recent decades, the proportion of browsers has declined across African savannas in favour of more grazers, ... -
Can rangelands gain from bush encroachment? Carbon stocks of communal grazing lands invaded by Prosopis juliflora
(Elsevier Ltd., 2017-06)Rangeland ecosystems are rapidly declining due to overgrazing and bush encroachment. Little is known about how important bush encroachment is for climate change mitigation. We estimated woody plant biomass at different ... -
Can soilless farming feed urban East Africa? An assessment of the benefits and challenges of hydroponics in Uganda and Tanzania
(Elsevier, 2022-01)East Africa has the potential to boost its urban food production through adoption of soilless farming techniques. The case study assessed the benefits and drawbacks allied with hydroponic vegetable farming among urban and ...