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    Antimicrobial resistant enteric bacteria are widely distributed amongst people, animals and the environment in Tanzania

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    Date
    2020-01-13
    Author
    Subbiah, Murugan
    Caudell, Mark
    Mair, Colette
    Davis, Margaret
    Matthews, Louise
    Quinlan, Robert
    Quinlan, Marsha
    Lyimo, Beatus
    Buza, Joram
    Keyyu, Julius
    Call, Douglas
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    Abstract
    Antibiotic use and bacterial transmission are responsible for the emergence, spread and persistence of antimicrobial-resistant (AR) bacteria, but their relative contribution likely differs across varying socio-economic, cultural, and ecological contexts. To better understand this interaction in a multi-cultural and resource-limited context, we examine the distribution of antimicrobial-resistant enteric bacteria from three ethnic groups in Tanzania. Household- level data (n = 425) was collected and bacteria isolated from people, livestock, dogs, wildlife and water sources (n = 62,376 isolates). The relative prevalence of different resistance phenotypes is similar across all sources. Multi-locus tandem repeat analysis (n = 719) and whole-genome sequencing (n = 816) of Escherichia coli demonstrate no evidence for host- population subdivision. Multivariate models show no evidence that veterinary antibiotic use increased the odds of detecting AR bacteria, whereas there is a strong association with livelihood factors related to bacterial transmission, demonstrating that to be effective, interventions need to accommodate different cultural practices and resource limitations.
    URI
    https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13995-5
    https://dspace.nm-aist.ac.tz/handle/20.500.12479/1964
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