Acute and Subacute Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Commiphora Campestris Methanolic Stem Bark Extract (CASBMCE) In Mice and Rats

Abstract

This study was done to evaluate the acute and sub acute toxicity of Camiphora campestris Methanolic Stem Bark Extract (CASBMCE). In acute toxicity tests four groups of mice (n=5/group/sex) were orally treated with doses of 300,600 and 1200mg/kg and clinical manifestation, body weight and mortality was recorded for 14 days. In sub acute toxicity study rats received CASBMCE by gavages’ at doses 150mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 250mg/kg (n=5 rats/group/sex) for 28 days and body weight, relative organ weight, biochemical, hematological and histopathological changes in vital organs were determined. In acute toxicity study mice showed signs of behavioral changes and resumed to their normal bright status. Death was recorded at a dose of 600 and 1200mg/kg. In sub acute tests no mortality was recorded animals were bright and normal. CASBMCE increased the levels of the liver enzymes (AST & ALT) with increasing doses. Biochemical examination showed differences between CASBMCE tested and control group. Hematology showed significant differences in CASBMCE tested parameters compared to control group. CASBMCE showed toxicity in the body tissues, in high sub acute doses. This study concludes that acute toxicity study CASBMCE, produced mortality in males and females at a dose of 600mg/kg and 1200mg/kg. In sub acute doses CASBMCE, produced no mortality. Major effects were rise of glucose levels, decreased vital organs size, and thickened female lung alveolar walls that probably increased RBC counts. CASBMCE reduced cholesterol levels indicating antilipidemic effect. More research to validate safety doses in humans is still needed..