Characterization Of Phenotypic Traits Linked To Anthracnose Resistance And Their Impact On Farmer Adoption Of Common Bean In Tanzania
| dc.contributor.author | Kadege, Edith | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-10-21T12:18:48Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2025-03 | |
| dc.description | SDG-1: No Poverty SDG-2: Zero Hunger SDG-5: Gender Equality SDG-12: Responsible Consumption and Production SDG-13: Climate Action | |
| dc.description.abstract | Tanzania is the top bean producer in Africa and seventh globally, exporting half of beans to neighboring nations. However, only 14% of Tanzanian farmers use improved bean varieties, leading to suboptimal productivity. Diseases, like anthracnose significantly hinder adoption. From 2021-2023, research was conducted in Tanzania to identify phenotypic traits associated with anthracnose resistance and farmers-preferred traits for adopting bean varieties. Twenty-two bean genotypes were evaluated in anthracnose hotspot fields and in screen house to validate resistance. Eighteen genotypes were further assessed under local conditions to evaluate performance and farmers-preferred traits. Phenotypic traits like anthracnose infection score, plant vigor, days to maturity, plant stands at harvest and grain yield were recorded and analyzed using R statistical software. Results revealed 75% of phenotypic traits are positively correlated with anthracnose resistance, with strong correlations (P≤0.001) on days to maturity, plant stands at harvest, plant vigor and grain yield. The NUA 48, NUA 64, Sweet Violet and VTT 923-23-10 demonstrated resistance and high yields. Significant differences (P≤0.001) were observed among genotypes, environments and their interactions, influencing disease resistance and grain yield. Advanced breeding lines outperformed commercial checks by 56%. Anthracnose incidence varied regionally, with higher rates in Northern Tanzania (22.7%) compared to Lakezone (10%) and Southern regions (5.8%). Highest incidence in Northern is due to higher soil inoculum levels sustained by two cropping seasons. In contrast, Southern highlands with single cropping season and continuous crop rotation, these practices help reduce anthracnose inoculum. The NUA 48, NUA 64, Sweet violet and VTT923-23-10 were identified as top perfoming genotypes in terms of yield and farmer preference in Tanzania. High yield, market preference, and disease resistance were key selection criteria. Cooking suitability with banana and intercropping compatibility emerged as unique farmer preferences, suggesting the importance of incorporating these traits in future variety development. Based on these findings, phenotypic traits like plant vigour, days to maturity, plant stands at harvest, and grain yield can be considered in breeding efforts. The NUA 48, NUA 64, Sweet violet and VTT 923-23-10 are proposed for release dueto their anthracnose resistance, adaption to local conditions, and preference by farmers in Tanzania. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://dspace.nm-aist.ac.tz/handle/123456789/3401 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.publisher | NM-AIST | |
| dc.title | Characterization Of Phenotypic Traits Linked To Anthracnose Resistance And Their Impact On Farmer Adoption Of Common Bean In Tanzania | |
| dc.type | Thesis |