Effect of fire timing on the regeneration capacity of Helichrysum species in Tanzania
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Date
2025
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Ecol Solut Evid.
Abstract
Shrub encroachment poses a significant challenge in many grassland ecosystems, particularly where disturbances such as heavy livestock grazing and uncontrolled
fires are prevalent. Fire is frequently employed as a management tool to mitigate shrub encroachment and preserve native vegetation, as it influences both resprouting and seed germination. However, few studies have examined the effects of fire timing on resprouting and seed germination both in the field and
ex situ. We investigated the resprouting ability of Helichrysum shrubs after being completely, partially or not at all burned. In addition, we collected soil seed bank
samples from each early burned, late burned and unburned area at depths of 0–2, 2–4 and 4–6 cm to assess plant species recruitment via seedlings. The data were analysed using a generalized linear regression model with a Gaussian link function. We found significant differences in the number of resprouts and seedling
abundance across early burned, late burned and unburned sites. Resprouting of both partially burned and completely burned shrubs was more abundant
compared to unburned shrubs. The surface soil in unburned sites contained a greater abundance of Helichrysum seedlings compared to that of burned sites,
suggesting that fire negatively affects seed germination, particularly in the upper soil layers. Overall seedling recruitment was lower in early and late burned areas,
whereas resprouting was higher in areas burned later in the season. Practical implication. The findings highlight the significance of fire timing in grassland management. We advocate for the implementation of planned early burning to mitigate shrub encroachment, promote biodiversity and save ecologically sensitive grasslands.
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG - 2: Zero Hunger
SDG - 12: Responsible Consumption and Production
SDG - 13: Climate Action
SDG - 15: Life on Land
Keywords
grassland, late burn, prescribed fire, resprouting, seed bank, shrub, soil, wildfire