PhD Theses and Dissertations [LiSBE]
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Genome scan for signatures of adaptive evolution in wild African goat (capra nubiana)
(NM-AIST, 2021-08)Nubian ibex (Capra nubiana) is a wild goat species inhabiting the Sahara and Arabia deserts. C. nubiana thrives well in its habitat which is characterized by intense solar radiation, high temperatures, little feed, and ... -
Assessment of the status of African Baobab populations and fatty acids composition of its crude oil in semi arid areas of Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2021-07)Baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) is a deciduous non-timber tree species that is facing severe threats from both anthropogenic and climatic pressures across its range states. Additionally, baobab seed oil has been used ... -
Antimicrobial investigation of Tephrosia Vogelii hook.f from Hai District in Tanzania towards development of antifungal agents for topical application
(NM-AIST, 2021-06)Infectious diseases such as fungal diseases are the global health problem. Moreover, antimicrobial resistance to modern fungicides and antibiotics is even perplexing in the health settings. Such situation needs serious ... -
Evaluating performance of the improved hybrid passive and active mode solar dryers for processing Mangoes and Pineapples
(NM-AIST, 2021-07)Farmers in East Africa have no access to modern processing technologies because they are costly and high-energy demanding to operate. As a result, they solely rely on the traditional open sun drying (OSD) method, which ... -
Farmer-led feeding and breeding approaches for overcoming seasonality-driven milk fluctuations in smallholder dairy farms in Kenya and Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2021-07)Seasonality-driven changes in farmer-led feeding and breeding approaches are increasingly captured as contributing to fluctuations in milk yield and reproductive performance of dairy cows in smallholder dairy farms in ... -
Molecular detection and genetic characterization of coxiella burnetii and bartonella spp infections in small mammals from Moshi, Northern Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2021-06)Zoonotic pathogens, including Coxiella burnetii and Bartonella species, are known causes of febrile illness globally; however, knowledge on their animal hosts is still limited in many countries including Tanzania. This ... -
Optimisation of fermentation processes of local cereal-based beverages to produce improved cereal based probiotic beverages.
(NM-AIST, 2021-07)Fermented cereal-based probiotic beverages are rare and have rarely been produced in Tanzania. Though the beverages are novel, the potentiality of such beverages has for some decades been exhibited through local fermented ... -
Optimized processing method for producing Avocado and Mango seed-based composite flour for functional Foods
(NM-AIST, 2021-07)Avocado and mango seed kernels are considered as wastes although they are rich in essential nutrients and bioactive compounds for human health. Lack of commercial application, presence of anti-nutrients, difficulty in ... -
Biomonitoring of pesticides exposure and the fate of pesticides use among smallholder vegetable producers in Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2020-08)This study assessed drivers of increased and changing patterns of pesticide use, levels of Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition, associated health effects and co-exposure risks of pesticide residues and bacterial ... -
Allelopathic effects and bio-insecticidal potential of sphaeranthus suaveolens in common bean farming in Northern Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2021-07)Weeds and insect pests are amongst the serious constraints in common bean farming in most parts of Tanzania. However, weeds with allelopathic and insecticidal properties if well manipulated can be used to manage insect ... -
Activity of extracts from selected Tanzanian spices on major fungal pathogens and blight diseases of Tomato
(NM-AIST, 2021-08)Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is affected by many fungal diseases and farmers rely on synthetic pesticides for management. Detrimental effects associated with injudicious use of chemical pesticides have caused a ... -
Potential of Tanzanian local clay and ash based materials for binding aflatoxins in animal feeds
(NM-AIST, 2020-06)Potential of Tanzanian local materials was explored for alleviating aflatoxin-contamination of feeds. Preliminarily, farmers’ awareness of aflatoxins was assessed using data collected from a random sample of 258 households ... -
Assessing the potentials of agricultural ecosystem pollination services to improve bean yield in smallholder farming systems
(2020-04)Pollination services by insects contribute to production in 75% of food crop species. When promoted through agro-ecological intensification (AEI), pollination can narrow yield gaps in smallholder farming systems. The ... -
The distribution, control techniques and impact of Parthenium hysterophorus on flower visitors and soil chemical properties in Meru district, Tanzania
(2020-08)In Tanzania, the invasive plant Parthenium hysterophorus threatens natural and semi–natural environments. Little is known about how this species affects plant–pollinator interactions and soil–chemical properties. Roadside ... -
The potential of anthill soils in smallholder maize production under conservation based agricultural systems in southern Zambia
(NM-AIST, 2020-04)Soil fertility is one of the fundamental challenges faced by cash constrained smallholder farmers across sub-Saharan Africa. In an effort to ward off this hurdle, some smallholder farmers in southern Zambia opt to use ... -
Evaluation of maize accessions for diversity, yield and tolerance to maize lethal necrosis disease in Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2017-12)Maize (Zea mays L.) is among the most important crops in Tanzania with still low average yield of 1.2 metric tonnes per hectare as compared with potential yields of 4 to 5 metric tonnes per hectare. Low yield is due to a ... -
Risk assessment for dietary exposure of pesticides among vegetables consumers in Arusha, Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2019-03)Information on the extent of pesticide residues in vegetables from Tanzania and risk of dietary exposure to these residues among vegetable consumers is limited. This research assessed the risk of dietary exposure of pesticide ... -
Optimal model formula for ensuring nutritional adequacy for infants and young children (6 – 23 months)
(NM-AIST, 2018-08)Infant and young child feeding practices rank among the most effective interventions to promote child growth and development. Improving the quality of complementary food has been observed as an important strategy for ... -
Characterization of mutations in drug resistant tuberculosis and diagnostic challenges in referral health facilities, Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2019-03)Tuberculosis remains one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases in resource-limited settings, including Tanzania. Diagnostic challenges and minimal information on resistant tuberculosis complicate building effective ... -
Colorectal cancer epidemiology in Tanzania: patterns in relation to dietary and lifestyle factors
(NM-AIST, 2019-01)Chronic non-communicable diseases are increasingly captured as contributing to morbidity and mortality in low and middle income countries. This study has designed to investigate the epidemiology of colorectal cancer and ...
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