Research Articles [LIS]
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Item The role of artificial intelligence tools in enhancing accessibility and usability of electronic resources in academic libraries(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2025-01-28) Mosha, NeemaPurpose This study examined the role of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in facilitating the accessibility and usability of electronic resources (e-resources) in academic libraries. Design/methodology/approach This study employed a quantitative descriptive survey to collect data from library users. The population targeted was sampled using a purposive sampling technique. A total of 427 (58%) participated in this study. Findings Most respondents preferred electronic journals (e-journals) among the e-resources stored in academic libraries. Chatbots were identified as preferred AI tools for accessing and enhancing the usability of these resources. Strategies mentioned included the potential for integrating AI tools across various e-resources. However, among the challenges reported was the inability to integrate AI tools with the existing library management systems. Improving e-resource discovery and access can significantly enhance the effectiveness of AI tools in academic libraries. Originality/value Originality in the context of AI applications in academic libraries refers to the unique approaches, innovative tools and creative solutions that enhance the accessibility and usability of electronic resources. By focusing on unique solutions that enhance the accessibility and usability of e-resources, these libraries can better serve their diverse user populations and adapt to the evolving landscape of information needs.Item The role of artificial intelligence tools in enhancing accessibility and usability of electronic resources in academic libraries(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2025-01-28) Mosha, NeemaPurpose This study examined the role of artificial intelligence (AI) tools in facilitating the accessibility and usability of electronic resources (e-resources) in academic libraries. Design/methodology/approach This study employed a quantitative descriptive survey to collect data from library users. The population targeted was sampled using a purposive sampling technique. A total of 427 (58%) participated in this study. Findings Most respondents preferred electronic journals (e-journals) among the e-resources stored in academic libraries. Chatbots were identified as preferred AI tools for accessing and enhancing the usability of these resources. Strategies mentioned included the potential for integrating AI tools across various e-resources. However, among the challenges reported was the inability to integrate AI tools with the existing library management systems. Improving e-resource discovery and access can significantly enhance the effectiveness of AI tools in academic libraries. Originality/value Originality in the context of AI applications in academic libraries refers to the unique approaches, innovative tools and creative solutions that enhance the accessibility and usability of electronic resources. By focusing on unique solutions that enhance the accessibility and usability of e-resources, these libraries can better serve their diverse user populations and adapt to the evolving landscape of information needs.Item Strategies for implementing research data management (RDM) services in Tanzania's higher education institutions (HEIs)(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2025-03-26) Mosha, Neema; Ngulube, PatrickPurpose This study aims to explore the strategies for implementing research data management (RDM) services in Tanzania’s higher education institutions (HEIs). Design/methodology/approach The study drew upon the technology, organization, people and environment (TOPE) framework. Using a qualitative case study approach, data was collected through semistructured interviews with librarians, lecturers, information and communication technologies (ICT) and research and innovation staff. Data was thematically analyzed. Findings Numerous participants recognized the importance of RDM services, such as creating data management plans, enhancing the retrieval and reuse of research data and offering support for data curation and preservation. The study also identified organizational support, including developing policies and guidelines, providing financial assistance and ensuring data security. Furthermore, the study highlighted the importance of ICT infrastructure, including servers, software and hardware. A lack of ICT infrastructure and limited skills and knowledge among those responsible for implementing RDM services were among the challenges identified. Research limitations/implications This study used the TOPE framework, along with relevant literature, to guide the formulation of research objectives and questions. While the TOPE framework offers a comprehensive view through its four dimensions, there is a need to integrate additional models, such as data curation, to achieve a more holistic understanding. Practical implications This study provides valuable insights into strategies for implementing RDM services in HEIs. It highlights the importance of professional development for stakeholders, enabling them to develop and enforce effective strategies supporting a data-driven research agenda. Originality/value This study contributes original insights by outlining the necessary strategies for HEIs to consider when implementing RDM services. The study adds value to understanding effective RDM implementation requirements in an academic setting by identifying various strategies for developing RDM activities.Item The use of data management planning among researchers in higher learning institutions: The case of the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology in Tanzania(Journal of eScience Librarianship, 2024-05-21) Mosha, Neema; Ngulube, PatrickThis study assessed the use of data management plans among researchers at a selected higher learning institution (HLI) in Tanzania. A pretested structured questionnaire was administered to registered postgraduate students. Many of the respondents reported that a data management plan (DMP) was required before writing a research project and when a research project was submitted. The results also demonstrated that many respondents did not use any online DMP template tools to formulate their DMP although most of them were aware of available DMP template tools such as OpenDMP. Many respondents stated that the requirement of using a DMP were selection of a DMP format, updating the DMP regularly, having a short and to-the-point DMP and a well-structured DMP specifying the kinds and formats of the data to be acquired, generated, produced, and preserved. Meeting funders’ institutions, and publishers’ requirements, and ensuring that data are accurate, complete, and reliable were among the DMP benefits in HLIs identified by the respondents. Several challenges were revealed including a lack of awareness, competence, and guidelines to assist researchers using a DMP for their research projects. The conclusion is that researchers need to develop and use DMP template tools to plan, organize, and work on their research projects in addition to ensuring that they meet funders' requirements. It is recommended that HLIs should provide extensive training programs for raising awareness about DMPs among the researchers and to make DMPs a mandatory requirement for finalizing research projects among researchers, and not only for funding purposes.Item Value of academic libraries in improving higher education institutions' knowledge management practices(Regional Institute of Information and Knowledge Management, 2024-06-01) Mosha, Neema; Ngulube, PatrickRationale of Study – Academic libraries are widely recognised globally as necessary for improving knowledge management (KM) practices in higher learning institutions (HLIs). This study investigated the value of academic libraries in improving KM practices in HLIs. Methodology – A quantitative cross-sectional research design was conducted across academic libraries in selected HLIs in Tanzania. A systematic sampling technique was used to recruit librarians from academic libraries as study participants. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics® 29.0.2 statistical software. Findings – Findings revealed a low level of KM practices and a lack of KM training among respondents. Knowledge retrieval and access, along with knowledge capture and creation, were mentioned among the critical KM practices performed in academic libraries to enhance KM practices within HLIs. Furthermore, enhancing teaching, learning, research, and innovation were identified as notable benefits resulting from improved KM practices in HLIs. Respondents highlighted a scarcity of KM skills and competencies as the main challenge that limits academic libraries to improve KM practices in HLIs. Implications – The study will lead to a deeper understanding of the value of academic libraries in supporting KM practices in higher education. Policies will be formulated to implement the identified need. For instance, various policies need to be developed regarding the types of knowledge to be captured and preserved, the duration of preservation, and the methods of processing it. Originality – This study's uniqueness lies in the fact that limited research has been conducted by academic libraries in the country, and the findings indicate minimal efforts to embrace KM practices in HLIs.Item Barriers impeding research data sharing on chronic disease prevention among the older adults in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review(Frontiers, 2024-11-29) Mosha, Neema; Ngulube, PatrickIntroduction: Chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory diseases, are a growing public health concern in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) among the older population. The current review aimed to identify the main barriers that impede researchers from sharing research data on the prevention of chronic diseases in older adults living in LMICs). The review included both older women and men from these countries. Methods: Studies were selected from 11 databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Taylor and Francis, Biomedical Central, BioOne, CINAHL, EBSCOHost, ScienceDirect, Wiley Online, and Google Scholar, were then transferred to CADIMA, an online tool for screening purposes, and a total of 1,305,316 studies were identified through a robust search strategy. CADIMA also ensured the quality of all studies in this review. The sampling techniques were performed by selecting and screening studies per this review’s eligibility criteria. Ultimately, 13 studies were found to meet these criteria. A PRISMA flow chart was used to map out the number of studies that were identified, included, and excluded. Results: Five main barriers were consistently highlighted, including a lack of necessary resources (9, 69%), dealing with complex and sensitive research data (2,15%), lack of policies, procedures, guidelines (5,38%), medical big data processing and integration (2,15%), and inadequate ethical considerations, legal compliance, and privacy protection (6,46%). Discussion: By shedding light on these obstacles, researchers can develop strategies to overcome the identified barriers and address areas requiring further investigation. The registration details of this review can be found under PROSPERO 2023 CRD42023437385, underscoring the importance of this review in advancing our collective understanding of chronic disease prevention among older adults worldwide. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023437385, available at:Item Knowledge Management Use of the Web 2.0-Driven SECI Model to Improve Knowledge Creation and Sharing Practices in Selected Academic Libraries in Tanzania(Regional Institute of Information and Knowledge Management, 2023-05) Mosha, Neema; Ngulube, PatrickRationale of Study – The evolution of academic libraries is influenced by technological developments, including Web 2.0. Based on a larger PhD project, this study evaluated how selected academic libraries in Tanzania leverage a Web 2.0-driven SECI model to enhance knowledge creation and sharing processes. Methodology – A convergent mixed methods research design was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data. The study investigated library staff (n=306) using a survey questionnaire, with a rate of return of 254 (83%). Eight library directors and sixteen heads of library departments were also interviewed to supplement data from the survey and establish convergence or divergence of the findings. Findings – Many library staff (91.7%) used Web 2.0 tools several times daily for personal and professional use. They used Web 2.0 applications for various tasks, including online communication and knowledge sharing, teaching information literacy, and marketing and promoting library services and resources. The findings also show that knowledge creation and sharing practices were performed under each SECI model process. Implications – Since its purpose is to improve the processes of creating and sharing knowledge, the Web 2.0 -driven SECI model can be utilised to integrate knowledge management practices through the creation and sharing of knowledge to support academic libraries and library professionals in managing their daily activities. Originality – A limited number of studies have used the model in such a context, especially in higher learning and research institutions.Item Dissemination of Agro-based Information by Telecentres among Selected Rural Farmers in Tanzania with a focus on Moshi Rural District, Kilimanjaro Region.(EBSCO, 2023-01-01) Mosha, Neema; Luhanga, Edith; Nade, Pascal; Ngulube, PatrickThe article discusses Telecentres in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), highlighting their role in providing access to information and communication technology (ICT) in rural communities. It describes the services offered by Telecentres, such as internet access, computer services, and community radio. The article also mentions the positive impacts of Telecentres on social-economic development.Item 129 Transparency in the Application of Theoretical Frameworks to the Advancement of Knowledge in Selected Library and Information Science Journals: A Systematic Review1(AJOL, 2023-10-16) Ngulube, Patrick; Mosha, NeemaThe purpose of this systematic review was to determine the extent of theoretical transparency in library and information science (LIS) scholarship. Many studies have looked at theorising and the use of theory in LIS. Unlike previous studies this research provides insights into transparency in the use of theoretical frameworks in the LIS field. Transparency is essential because different researchers employ the terms theory, theoretical framework, and conceptual framework in various ways.The transparent use of theory and the resultant theoretical framework enables other researchers to assess whether the theory is appropriate, consistent, and coherent with the empirical evidence. This systematic search followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting on systematic reviews supported by ADIMA®. A total number of 138 out of 2029 articles from 12 LIS-focused journals were analysed in March 2023. Most of the articles (88.6%) specified the framework they used. There was a high level of transparency in relation to the suitability of the theory to address the research problem. The degree of openness about the aim to utilise a theoretical or conceptual framework was moderate to high. The articles had a low or minimal level of transparency when it came to justifying why a certain theory was chosen for the study. Theory dropping was not apparent in the articles. The results from the articles demonstrate that LIS scholars appreciate that a theoretical framework or conceptual framework must be used in research. To ensure that readers understand the rationale behind the theories chosen for a study, it is necessary to be open about the reasons behind the selection of a particular theory. The explanation of how the theory contributed to explaining the phenomenon of interest is also essential. This article might help scholars get beyond theoretical obstacles related to the transparent use of a theoretical framework and produce theoretically sound research. It also opens discourse on “best practice” in the use of analytical tools forresearchin the advancement of knowledgeItem Metadata Standard for Continuous Preservation, Discovery, and Reuse of Research Data in Repositories by Higher Education Institutions: A Systematic Review(MDPI, 2023-07-28) Mosha, Neema; Ngulube, PatrickThis systematic review synthesised existing research papers that explore the available metadata standards to enable researchers to preserve, discover, and reuse research data in repositories. This review provides a broad overview of certain aspects that must be taken into consideration when creating and assessing metadata standards to enhance research data preservation discoverability and reusability strategies. Research papers on metadata standards, research data preservation, discovery and reuse, and repositories published between January 2003 and April 2023 were reviewed from a total of five databases. The review retrieved 1597 papers, and 13 papers were selected in this review. We revealed 13 research articles that explained the creation and application of metadata standards to enhance preservation, discovery, and reuse of research data in repositories. Among them, eight presented the three main types of metadata, descriptive, structural, and administrative, to enable the preservation of research data in data repositories. We noted limited evidence on how these metadata standards can be used to enhance the discovery and reuse of research data in repositories to enable the preservation, discovery, and reuse of research data in repositories. No reviews indicated specific higher education institutions employing metadata standards for the research data created by their researchers. Repository designs and a lack of expertise and technology know-how were among the challenges identified from the reviewed papers. The review has the potential to influence professional practice and decision-making by stakeholders, including researchers, students, librarians, information communication technologists, data managers, private and public organisations, intermediaries, research institutions, and non-profit organizations.Item The utilisation of open research data repositories for storing and sharing research data in higher learning institutions in Tanzania(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2023-10-31) Mosha, Neema; Ngulube, PatrickPurpose – The study aims to investigate the utilisation of open research data repositories (RDRs) for storing and sharing research data in higher learning institutions (HLIs) in Tanzania. Design/methodology/approach – A survey research design was employed to collect data from postgraduate students at the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) in Arusha, Tanzania. The data were collected and analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. A census sampling technique was employed to select the sample size for this study. The quantitative data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), whilst the qualitative data were analysed thematically. Findings – Less than half of the respondents were aware of and were using open RDRs, including Zenodo, DataVerse, Dryad, OMERO, GitHub and Mendeley data repositories. More than half of the respondents were not willing to share research data and cited a lack of ownership after storing their research data in most of the open RDRs and data security. HILs need to conduct training on using trusted repositories and motivate postgraduate students to utilise open repositories (ORs). The challenges for underutilisation of open RDRs were a lack of policies governing the storage and sharing of research data and grant constraints. Originality/value – Research data storage and sharing are of great interest to researchers in HILs to inform them to implement open RDRs to support these researchers. Open RDRs increase visibility within HILs and reduce research data loss, and research works will be cited and used publicly. This paper identifies the potential for additional studies focussed on this area.Item Teaching research data management courses in higher learning institutions in Tanzania(Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022-08-24) Mosha, Neema; Ngulube, PatrickPurpose – The study investigated teaching research data management (RDM) courses in higher learning institutions (HLIs) in Tanzania to enable postgraduate students to work with their research data. Design/methodology/approach – The study triangulated research methods. Postgraduate students were investigated using survey questionnaires to learn about their needs and perceptions of the teaching RDM courses in HLIs. Key informants (academicians, information and communication technologists and library staff) were also investigated using in-depth interviews to explore their experiences and knowledge of teaching RDM courses. SPSS statistical software was used for analysing quantitative data; qualitative data were analysed thematically. Findings – A total of 70 questionnaires were distributed to postgraduate students with a returning rate of 44 (69%). On the other hand, 12 key informants were interviewed. A low level of RDM literacy was revealed among 38 (86%) respondents. Most respondents 40 (91%) reported the need for HLIs to start teaching RDM courses. A lack of skills and knowledge in teaching RDM courses was revealed among key informants. The competency based, adaptive and constructive teaching techniques were selected for teaching RDM courses, whereas intensive training and online tutorials were revealed as teaching formats. Research limitations/implications – This study focused on teaching RDM courses in HLIs. The survey questionnaires were distributed to all 2nd year postgraduate students, however, the findings cannot be generalised to all postgraduate students due to the response rate obtained. The findings obtained from key informants can also not be used as a basis for generalization across HLIs. Practical implications – This study concluded that postgraduate students need to be well equipped with skills and knowledge on RDM and its related concepts; teaching RDM courses should be regarded as a continuous programme for benefit of students, researchers and the community at large. Social implications – Appropriate teaching of RDM courses among students not only ensures that students meet the funders’ and publishers’ requirements, but also encourages students to store and share their research among researchers worldwide; thus increasing collaboration and visibility of the datasets and data owners through data citations and acknowledgements. Originality/value – This is a comprehensive study that provides findings for HLIs to teach RDM courses in HLIs, especially for postgraduate students. The findings revealed the need for teaching RDM courses in HLIs. The study provides the basis for further RDM research in HLIs and research institutions.Item Research Data Management Among Researchers in Higher Learning Institutions of Sub-Saharan Africa(IGI Global, 2020) Mosha, Neema; Luhanga, Edith; Mosha, Mary Vincent; Marwa, JanethAdvancement in information and communication technologies has made it easier for researchers to capture and store myriad data at a higher level of granularity. Higher education institutions (HEIs) worldwide are incorporating research data management (RDM) services to enable researchers to work with their data properly. This chapter focuses on creating awareness amongst researchers on how researchers and HEIs can form strategies, design and restrict data management plan (DMP), integrate research data life cycle, and ensure quality data sharing, as well as integrate with developed RDM policies and guidelines to curb challenges prohibiting the practice of RDM in HEIs.Item Antecedents for the Utilisation of Web 2.0 Tools for Knowledge Management Practices in Academic Libraries of Tanzania(Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 2019) Mosha, Neema; Ngulube, Patrick; Lwoga, Edda TandiThe purpose of this paper was to investigate the antecedents for the utilisation of Web 2.0 tools to enhance Knowledge Management (KM) practices in academic libraries of Tanzania. Eight out of the twelve academic libraries were selected. Data gathered through questionnaires distributed to library staff (n= 278), with a response rate of 91.36%. The study used the DeLone and McLean Information System (IS) Success Model to come up with KMS Success Model. Thus, the KMS Success Model was empirically via a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) approach to examine the antecedents for the utilisation of Web 2.0 tools for the KM practices in academic libraries. The findings reveal that service quality increases user satisfaction and intention to use Web 2.0 tools. Knowledge quality and system quality increase the intention to use and net benefits of using Web 2.0 tools. Further, user satisfaction increases intention to use and net benefits, whereas intention to use increases the net benefits of using Web 2.0 tools to enhance KM practices in academic libraries. This study was conducted to introduce new direction of KM practices through the application of Web 2.0 tools. DeLone and McLean IS Model was used to develop KMS success model which was tested and proved positive significant in KM practices and in facilitating libraries services.Item Utilisation of social media tools to enhance knowledge sharing among knowledge workers at the Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST)(Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 2019) Mosha, Neema; Holmner, MarleneThis study investigated the utilisation of social media tools to enhance Knowledge Sharing (KS) practices among knowledge workers at The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology (NM-AIST) of Tanzania. A case study design was used in this study. Data was collected by adopting a combination of document content analysis and semi-structured interviews from library and Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) staff. Data was analysed thematically. The study showed that social media tools can be implemented effectively according to institution goal, users’ need and capacity building among knowledge workers. The findings also reviewed the strong commitment of the institution to ensure knowledge dissemination and exchange among its employees through the establishment of an electronic library, reliable internet connection, and having an ICT centre. This is a comprehensive study focusing on knowledge workers’ ability and willingness in utilising social media tools for KS initiatives in Higher Learning Institutions (HLIs); and reveals findings that are useful for planning and implementing social media tools initiatives for KS in other HLIs in the country.Item HIV/AIDS information and changing sexual behaviour among undergraduate students in Tanzania(Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2012) Mosha, Neema; Manda, PaulPurpose – This paper aims to investigate the level of HIV/AIDS information among undergraduate students at two university colleges in Tanzania, and its role in changing risky sexual behaviour. Design/methodology/approach – In total, 151 undergraduate students from Kilimanjaro Christian Medical College and Moshi University College of Cooperative and Business Studies were surveyed by means of a questionnaire. Findings – Of respondents 86 per cent were aware of the pandemic and its modes of transmission. The main sources of information were books, journals, magazines, television, internet, DVD/CD, radio and research reports. A total of 32 per cent reported having tested for HIV/AIDS; 40 per cent use condoms during sexual intercourse. Among condom users 63 per cent used them consistently. Factors hindering the use of HIV/AIDS information include the time spent on studies, the unavailability of the information, and the religious, cultural and family background of respondents. Research limitations/implications – In a country with over 30 university and university colleges, generalization is not possible on the basis of research restricted to a small number. Practical implications – Universities should establish partnerships and networks with various stakeholders to ensure access to HIV/AIDS information and to share experiences. Originality/value – The level of HIV/AIDS information among Tanzanian undergraduates is under-investigated. This paper helps to fill some of the gaps in the research.Item Health Information needs and health information seeking behavior among small farmers at Kilimanjaro Region – Tanzania.(Scholarly Journal of Medicine, 2012-08) Mosha, Neema; Sulemani, Solomon BayugoThe purpose of this study was to investigate the health information needs and health information seeking behavior of small scale farmers. In a survey questionnaire that was triangulated with interviews and observation, a random sample of 241 small scale farmers - 150 men and 91 female - were selected from 264 households in two (2) nearby villages namely; Marangu and Rombo. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze quantitative data. The research considered the mechanisms, procedures and methods to effectively identify health information needs and seeking behavior. The results showed that a predominant 90% had little or no formal education (standard seven, 42%; and not educated, 48%) whilst there were no significant differences between genders at different educational levels compared. Sources/formats of information available to respondents were found to be inappropriate and did not adequately meet their health information needs (books, 31%; magazines, 28; and seminars, 14%). The three most appropriate and preferred formats/sources of respondents’ health information needs were found to include radio (47%), television set (15%) and village clinic (18%). The purposes for which respondents required health information included disease prevention, 32%, treatment of disease, 23%, transmission of disease, 23%, the care and support for disease, 14%, and disease counseling, 8%. Poverty and low level of education were the two most dominant factors that were found to have significant influence on respondents’ information needs and information seeking behavior. Suggestions made to improve the information needs of farmers included a community radio service, a community clinic, and functional literacy programs, training in the use of mobile phones that will facilitate communication of health information between and among respondents. The use of community health outreach services through community health meetings, workshops or seminars have also been recommended to help to improve on the health information gap of rural farmers. It is envisaged that these suggestions, if implemented, will go a long way to positively impact on their health information needs, enable them stay healthy and improve on their farming business for self as well as socio-economic development.Item Information seeking behaviour of parents and caregivers of children with mental illness in Tanzania(Library Review, 2013-11-25) Lwoga, Edda; Mosha, NeemaPurpose - The aim of this paper was to assess information needs and information seeking behaviour of parents and caregivers of children with mental illness at the Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre (KCMC) in Tanzania. The study mainly assessed the information needs of parents and caregivers of children with mental illness, their preferable sources of health information, and their constraints on information seeking. Design/methodology/approach - A case study research design was used in this study, where 168 structured questionnaires were distributed to parents and caregivers of children with mental illness at the Neurological Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic (NPOC) of Kilimanjaro Christian Medical centre (KCMC). The rate of response was 89.3%. Findings - The study found that health information needs of parents and caregivers were mainly associated with health care (for example, nutrition, treatment), and health education. Parents and caregivers of children with mental illness used the internet as the main source of information about their children's health, which was followed by printed books and television. Health information seeking behaviour appeared similar across gender categories, but there were differences on the use of print and electronic information sources according to age and level of education. The main factors that hindered access to health information included low level of education, lack of funds and health information illiteracy. Practical implications - The paper provides practical suggestions that would facilitate information seeking and use among parents and caregivers of children with mental illness in Tanzania and other countries with similar conditions. Originality/value - Previous studies on the topic are scanty and, therefore, the paper provides important insights into the information needs and information seeking behaviour of parents and caregivers of children with mental illness in a developing country setting.