Browsing by Author "Matle, Agricola"

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Effects of Tephrosia vogelii and rabbit urine formulation on insect pests and yields of cowpea Singida, Tanzania
(INNSPUB, 2022-09-20) Matle, Agricola; Kusolwa, Paul; Philipo, Mashamba; Mbega, Ernest
An experiment was conducted at Jineri village, Singida rural to evaluate the effects of 10%(w/v) Tephrosia vogelii (T) and 50%(v/v) rabbit urine (U) on insect pests and yield of cowpea in Singida Tanzania from February 2021 to June 2021. The T and U treatments were mixed in 10% (v/v) sunflower oil, and sterile water and synthetic pesticide (karate 2.5EC) were used as negative and positive control respectively. The experiment was laid down in a complete randomized block design (CRBD) with three replications. The results indicated that there was significant difference (P≤0.001) on insect pest counts between plots sprayed with different treatments. The plots treated with positive control exhibited smaller mean number (4, 7 and 5) followed by OUT formulation (11, 8 and 4) for aphid, leaf miner, and pod borer respectively, at flowering stage, i.e., seventh week after germination. Plots sprayed with sterile distilled water had higher mean numbers of insect pests (25, 20 and 12) for aphid, leaf miner and pod borer respectively, compared with other treatments at flowering stage. The resilts indicate that the OUT formulation improved yield to a degree comparable with that of positive control, as evidenced from their close grain yield values of 794 kg/ha and 846 kg/ha respectively, which are both significantly higher than 483 kg/ha of negative control. Based on the results, the OUT-formulation is recommended for managing cowpea pests in the field.
Rabbit urine and sunflower oil reinforced tephrosia-based formulation for cowpea insectpests management in Singida, Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2023-07) Matle, Agricola
Insect pests are a major problem in cowpea production. Synthetic pesticides are used to control; however, are non-friendly to human and diversity of organisms. These negative effects raise farmers' interest in botanical pesticides due to less harmful effects on the ecosystem. Tephrosia vogelii extracts, rabbit urine, and sunflower oil were assessed for synergistic effects against cowpea field’s insectpest’s including aphids, pod borer, leaf miner, and beneficial insects. The ingredients were combined in ratio of 10% (w/v) Tephrosia Vogelii (T), 50% (v/v) rabbit urine (U), and 10% (v/v) of sunflower oil (O), while unsprayed plots and synthetic pesticide (Lambda- cyhalothrin 2.5 EC) were control negative and positive, respectively. The experiment was laid down in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Spraying was done weekly where abundances for insects were recorded a day before next schedule. Results showed significant difference P≤0.001 in insect pest counts between treatments. The positive control exhibited smaller mean number (4.3 ± 0.3 d, 4.7±0.3 a and 5.0±0.6 a), followed by combined formulation OUT at a mean (11.0 ± 0.6 c, 8.0±0.6 b, and 4.3±0.3 a) for aphid, leaf miner, and pod borer respectively compared to negative control and individual ingredients (O, U and T) evidencing synergy. The results also indicated the combined formulation (Oil, rabbit urine and Tephrosia) OUT showed comparable yield of (846.1 kg/ha) with control positive (794.6 kg/ha) while uncombine formulation and negative control showed lower yield of 520.6 kg/ha, 611.1 (kg/ha), 662.2 kg/ha, and 483.3 kg/ha respectively. Based on the results, OUT-formulation exhibits synergy for managing cowpea’s insectpest’s, however study on cost-benefit is recommended.