Browsing by Author "Kusolwa, Paul"

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Effects of Tephrosia vogelii and rabbit urine formulation on insect pests and yields of cowpea Singida, Tanzania
(INNSPUB, 2022-09-20) Matle, Agricola; Kusolwa, Paul; Philipo, Mashamba; Mbega, Ernest
An experiment was conducted at Jineri village, Singida rural to evaluate the effects of 10%(w/v) Tephrosia vogelii (T) and 50%(v/v) rabbit urine (U) on insect pests and yield of cowpea in Singida Tanzania from February 2021 to June 2021. The T and U treatments were mixed in 10% (v/v) sunflower oil, and sterile water and synthetic pesticide (karate 2.5EC) were used as negative and positive control respectively. The experiment was laid down in a complete randomized block design (CRBD) with three replications. The results indicated that there was significant difference (P≤0.001) on insect pest counts between plots sprayed with different treatments. The plots treated with positive control exhibited smaller mean number (4, 7 and 5) followed by OUT formulation (11, 8 and 4) for aphid, leaf miner, and pod borer respectively, at flowering stage, i.e., seventh week after germination. Plots sprayed with sterile distilled water had higher mean numbers of insect pests (25, 20 and 12) for aphid, leaf miner and pod borer respectively, compared with other treatments at flowering stage. The resilts indicate that the OUT formulation improved yield to a degree comparable with that of positive control, as evidenced from their close grain yield values of 794 kg/ha and 846 kg/ha respectively, which are both significantly higher than 483 kg/ha of negative control. Based on the results, the OUT-formulation is recommended for managing cowpea pests in the field.
Importance of bio-pesticides formulations in managing insect pests of sesame in Africa
(International Journal of Biosciences, 2022-02-27) Lekamoi, Upendo; Kusolwa, Paul; Mbega, Ernest
Sesame is an important oil seed crop worldwide. However, its production faces a number of challenges such as infestation by insect pests and diseases, use of unimproved seeds by farmers and drought. Among all, insect pest is considered the most serious challenge affecting sesame production particularly in the Africa region. The common insect pests affecting sesame production in African smallholder farmers are Myzus persicae, Aphis gossypii, Bemisia tabaci, Antigastra catalaunalis, Orosius albicinctus, Tetranychus urticae, Spodoptera frugiperda and Alocypha bimaculata. These insect pests infest sesame at different stages of growth posing immense damage resulting into huge loss of yields. To control these insect pests most African smallholder farmers, use synthetic pesticides. However, most of those synthetic pesticides used cause environmental pollution and detriment effects to pollinators and natural enemies. Therefore, this paper reviews sesame insect pests and how they can be managed using bio-pesticides in African..