Browsing by Author "Kasenene, Atwebembela"

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    Performance of inclined plates settler integrated with constructed wetland for high turbidity water treatment
    (NM-AIST, 2021-07) Kasenene, Atwebembela
    The purpose of this study was to investigate and demonstrate a cost-effective treatment technology for high turbid water, commonly used for domestic purposes in rural areas of Tanzania where conventional water treatment techniques are not available. A study was conducted on the water quality status of five permanent earth dams within Monduli district during the wet and dry seasons, by analyzing physicochemical and microbial characteristics. The water characteristics of the five earth dams tested were significantly correlated (p < 0.05) and most of the tested parameters including turbidity and faecal coliform (FC) were above the Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) drinking water standards. In this study, a pilot-scale inclined plates settler integrated with constructed wetland (IPS-CW system was tested on Nadosoito dam water with turbidities ranging from 186 to 4011 NTU. The IPS-CW system was meant to remove organic matter, nutrients and pathogens, with major focus on turbidity and FC removal, at the test flow rates of 20, 15, 10 and 5 L/min. The system removed substantial amount of contaminants, thereby achieving maximum removal efficiency of 95.9% and 94.3% for turbidity and FC respectively. Although using this combination of technologies in improving drinking water quality is uncommon, nitrate and biochemical oxygen demand met the TBS and World health Organization drinking water standards of ≤ 50 mg/l and ≤ 6 mg/L respectively. Due to low production cost and simplicity in operation, the system can be implemented in rural communities with high turbidity water sources however, further disinfection is required to ensure zero FC.
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    Performance of inclined plates settler integrated with constructed wetland for high turbidity water treatment
    (IWA Publishing, 2021) Kasenene, Atwebembela; Machunda, Revocatus; Njau, Karoli
    The purpose of this study was to investigate and demonstrate cost-effective treatment technologies for high turbid waters, used for domestic purposes in rural areas of Tanzania where conventional community water treatment techniques are not available. Pilot scale inclined plates setter integrated with constructed wetland (IPS-CW) system was investigated on earth dam water with turbidities ranging from 186 to 4,011 NTU. The IPS was used as a physical pretreatment system preceding the CW, meant for the removal of organic matter, nutrients, and pathogens. Major focus of the IPS-CW system was on turbidity and faecal coliform (FC) removal and at 5 L/min flow rate mean maximum removal efficiency of 95.9% and 94.3% were achieved, respectively. Total suspended solids, nitrate (NO3 ), ammonium, biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and phosphate removal were studied and removal efficiencies of 97.4%, 91.7%, 71.3%, 91.7% and 49.8% were obtained at 5 L/min flow rate, respectively. Although the use of these combinations of technologies in improving drinking water quality is uncommon, results demonstrated that NO3 and BOD5 met WHO and TBS drinking water standards of 50 mg/l and 6 mg/L respectively. Due to low production cost and simplicity in operation the system is relevant for application in rural communities.