Browsing by Author "Ananda Murthy, H. C."

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Jamun Seed (Syzygium Cumini) Biochar as a Potential Adsorbent for Environmental Applications
(Engineered Science Publisher, 2025-02-18) Ripanda, Asha; Rwiza, Mwemezi; Giridhar Reddy, S.; Nyanza, Elias; Bakari, Ramadhani; Miraji, Hossein; Ravikumar, C. R.; Ananda Murthy, H. C.; Vuai, Saidi; Machunda, Revocatus; Annamareddy, Sri Hari
This study investigates the properties and adsorption performance of jamun seed biochar (JS biochar) produced through calcination at varying temperatures. Elemental analysis reveals that the carbon content significantly increases from 64.25 to 87.93 wt.% as calcination temperature rises from 400 to 600 °C, while nitrogen content remains within the range of 2 to 2.29 wt.%. The biochar's surface characteristics, with a maximum specific surface area of 261.2 m²/g, demonstrate strong adsorption capacity for small organic molecules, including ciprofloxacin (555.55 mg/g) and lamivudine (400 mg/g). The identified functional groups, including hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, enhance adsorption through mechanisms such as hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions. The observed porous, rough surface morphology supports the material's effectiveness as an adsorbent. The results demonstrate JS biochar’s high adsorption capacity, governed by a synergistic interplay of physisorption and chemisorption. This research underscores the potential of JS biochar as a sustainable and effective solution for environmental remediation, particularly in mitigating aqueous pollutants. The findings offer valuable insights for optimizing biochar properties to improve adsorption efficiency, thereby promoting sustainable waste management and environmental remediation.
The role of biopesticides in the management of Thaumatotibia leucotreta in avocado and other widely produced fruits in Africa
(Elsevier B. V., 2025-03-28) Shikoshi, Juliana; Mkindi, Angela; Ndakidemi, Patrick; Mbega, Ernest; Mtei, Kelvin; Ananda Murthy, H. C.
Biopesticides (BPs) are gaining popularity worldwide as a means of managing crop pests. This is largely driven by the negative effects associated with synthetic pesticide use on human health, the environment, and the growing concerns regarding chemical residues in food. This review explored the magnitude of BPs use in managing T. leucotreta in different fruit host plants from the year 2014–2024. SCOPUS journal papers were retrieved through Google Scholar and categorized by pesticide type, including nematodes, botanicals, fungi, and viruses. The information searching was done using related terms and synonyms of the major keywords of interest (“False codling moth”, “Thaumatotibia leucotreta”, “Biopesticides” and “Management”) together with other terms used in previous studies concerning the formulated study question. A total of 136 articles were identified in the Scopus database of which only 13 (10 %) articles specifically lay strong evidence that BPs can effectively manage T. leucotreta thereby significantly reducing fruits infestation. The findings revealed that among the studied in terventions, entomopathogenic nematodes were the most extensively researched biopesticide agent, particularly in citrus. Mean while research on entomopathogenic fungi and viruses received some attention. Drawing on published datasets no study has been documented on the use of plant-derived pesticides (botanical pesticides) against T. leucotreta on fruits. Therefore, further research is needed to generate information on use and promote the popularity of the BPs in managing the T. leucotreta, particularly in fruit production in Africa.