Browsing Life sciences and Bio-engineering by Title
Now showing items 367-386 of 1024
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Epidemiology of Q-fever in domestic ruminants and humans in Africa. A systematic review
(CABI One Health, 2022-11-17)Q-fever is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by the gram-negative, intracellular, spore-forming bacterium Coxiella burnetii . Infected ruminants (cattle, sheep, and goats) are the reservoirs of the pathogen and thus ... -
Epidemiology, risk factors and diagnostic accuracy of surveillance methods of selected diseases presenting with respiratory signs in small ruminants in Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2021-07)Outbreaks of diseases presenting with respiratory signs in small ruminants in Tanzania have been reported for years. Concurrent infections complicate diagnosis resulting in untimely interventions and significant economic ... -
Estimating the risk of aflatoxin-induced liver cancer in Tanzania based on biomarker data.
(PLOS ONE, 2021-03-11)Evidence about the magnitude of the aflatoxin menace can help policy makers appreciate the importance of the problem and strengthen policies to support aflatoxin mitigation measures. In this study, we estimated aflatoxin-induced ... -
Ethical considerations in the design and conduct of a cluster-randomised mycotoxin mitigation trial in Tanzania
(Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2022-01-24)Aflatoxins are fungal metabolites that commonly contaminate staple food crops in tropical regions. Acute aflatoxin consumption in very high concentration causes aflatoxicosis and acute liver failure, while chronic, moderate ... -
Ethical Considerations of the Trial to Establish a Causal Linkage Between Mycotoxin Exposure and Child Stunting
(Elsevier, 2021-06-21)Objectives Aflatoxins are fungal metabolites that commonly contaminate staple crops in tropical regions. Aflatoxin is a carcinogen and consumption at high-levels can lead to acute liver failure and aflatoxicosis. Multiple ... -
Ethnobiological survey to determine the link between health benefits and qualities of Maasai traditional food system in Monduli, Arusha, Tanzania
(Taylor & Francis, 2023-07)Although Maasai’s traditional food system (TFS) is claimed to keep a low prevalence of metabolic diseases (MD), the link between its qualities and health benefits is not well established. An ethnobotanical survey was ... -
Ethnobotanical Survey of Flora Used in Maasai Food System and Traditional Medicine against Gout-related and Other Human Ailments in Monduli, Arusha, Tanzania
(Research Square, 2021-09-01)Background: Flora used by Maasai practitioners (MSPs) in traditional medicine (TM) and food system (FS) were investigated in Monduli District, Arusha, Tanzania. The objective of this study was to document the knowledge on ... -
Ethnobotanical use, threat status and optimalenvironmental germination conditions for conservation of aloe species in Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-09)The genus Aloe is known for its use in healthcare and cosmetics. Many Aloe species are globally threatened due to over-harvesting for trade and habitat destruction. In Tanzania, over-exploitation threats some Aloe species ... -
EthnobotanicalknowledgeandthreatfactorsforAloespeciesinTanzania
(Ethnobotany Research & Applications, 2019-12)Background: The genus Aloe has long been known for its use in healthcare and cosmetics. In Tanzania, overexploitation is threatening some Aloe species with extinction and yet, little has been documented on the abundance ... -
Ethnobotany and antibacterial effects of golden berry (physalis peruviana l.) on Salmonella typhi in Mbeya rural district, Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2023-06)Medicinal plants have been used worldwide in managing human and animal diseases. However, their use and community-based formulation methods in many places, including Mbeya Rural District in Tanzania, are rarely described ... -
Ethnobotany of Oyster nut ( Telfairia pedata) in Northern Tanzania
(Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 2022-01-12)Telfairia pedata (Sims) Hook is an important native climber plant commonly grown in East Africa. It bears nuts which are eaten either raw or cooked and is consumed mostly by expectant mothers, and as cooking oil. The ... -
Evaluating performance of the improved hybrid passive and active mode solar dryers for processing Mangoes and Pineapples
(NM-AIST, 2021-07)Farmers in East Africa have no access to modern processing technologies because they are costly and high-energy demanding to operate. As a result, they solely rely on the traditional open sun drying (OSD) method, which ... -
Evaluation and Prediction of the Impacts of Land Cover Changes on Hydrological Processes in Data Constrained Southern Slopes of Kilimanjaro, Tanzania
(MDPI, 2021-05-30)This study provides a detailed assessment of land cover (LC) changes on the water balance components on data constrained Kikafu-Weruweru-Karanga (KWK) watershed, using the integrated approaches of hydrologic modeling and ... -
Evaluation of acute toxicity and sub-acute toxicity of the methanolic extract of Aloe rabaiensis Rendle in BALB/c mice
(Academic Journals, 2019-07-10)This study was undertaken to evaluate preclinical acute and sub-acute toxicity of Aloe rabaiensis leaf methanolic extract (ARLME) on BALB/c mice following OECD guidelines 423 and 407, respectively. In an acute oral toxicity ... -
Evaluation of anti-cancer potential of crude extracts of Annona senegalensis Pers. and Allophylus africanus P Beauv.
(NM-AIST, 2019-10)The medicinal plants Annona senegalensis Pers. and Allophylus africanus P Beav. are traditionally used for the treatment of cancer in Tanzania. However, there is no scientific documentation on their therapeutic ... -
Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Five Selected Medicinal Plants in Tanzania against Gram Negative Bacteria
(European Journal of Medicinal Plants, 2016-01-04)Aims: To evaluate antibacterial activity from five selected medicinal plants namely Embelia schimperi, Maerua decumbens, Ocimum gratissimum, Conyza floribunda and Plectranthus barbatus used for the management of bacterial ... -
Evaluation of autodissemination technique using novaluron against anopheles arabiensis under semi-field conditions in south-eastern Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-08)This study assessed the susceptibility of immature stages of An. arabiensis, An. gambiae and An. funestus to novaluron and the autodissemination technique using An. arabiensis. Susceptibility bioassays using technical ... -
Evaluation of functional attributes and storage stability of novel juice blends from baobab, pineapple, and black-plum fruits
(Heliyon, 2022-04-27)Several under-utilized tropical fruits have exceptional micronutrients and phytochemical composition with the potential to contribute to the nutrition of people and also enhance food security. This study was carried out ... -
Evaluation of housing as a means to protect cattle from Culicoides biting midges, the vectors of bluetongue virus.
(The Royal Entomological Society, 2010-03-01)The housing of animals at night was investigated as a possible means of protecting them from attack by Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), the vectors of bluetongue. Light-trap catches of Culicoides were ... -
Evaluation of in vivo toxicity properties of commiphora campestris
(NM-AIST, 2019-03)Commiphora campestris leaves and stem bark are used by Pare society for management of infectious diseases, therefore this research evaluated in vivo toxicity of C. campestris. The leaves and stem bark were pulverized, ...