Research Articles

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Determinants of market outlet choices among cattle farmers and implications for fostering participation in rewarding livestock markets in rural Tanzania
(Springer Nature, 2026-03-17) Shashi, Njile; Bett, Hillary; Mathenge, Mary
Agricultural markets play a crucial role in enhancing smallholder farmers’ participation in markets. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of studies on market outlet choices among smallholder cattle farmers, particularly in Africa where markets are fragmented and weakly integrated. Subsequently, there is a limited understanding of the drivers influencing the choices of market outlets and implications for fostering beef farmers’ market participation and socio-economic transformation. This study intends to fill this gap by examining the factors determining market outlet decisions among beef farmers in Monduli and Longido districts, Tanzania. Multistage sampling method was employed to identify beef farmers in the selected rural areas. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to solicit data from 400 smallholder cattle farmers selected through a simple random sampling. Analysis of the collected data involved estimation of descriptive statistics and econometric analysis. The multivariate probit regression showed that, age and extension services positively and significantly influenced market outlet choices (p < 0.01). Contrariwise, sex, group membership, distance to the nearest main road, tropical livestock unit (TLU), off-farm income and shock occurrences negatively and significantly influenced market outlet decisions. The findings evince that, agricultural extension services and distance to roads are imperative in influencing smallholder farmers’ market outlet choices. The study asserts the need to bridge extension services and rural infrastructure to enhance beef farmers’ participation in profitable livestock market outlets.
Public Knowledge and Attitudes Towards Clinical Trial Participation: A Mixed Method Study in Bagamoyo District, Tanzania
(International Glint Publications, 2026-01-30) Mghanga, Stanslaus; Mtenga, Alan; Pasape, Liliane; Olotu, Ally
Background: Clinical trials are important for advancing medical knowledge and improving healthcare delivery. However, participants’ knowledge and attitudes towards clinical trials remain a key challenge affecting clinical trial recruitment and participant retention. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of the Bagamoyo district towards participation in clinical trials. Methods: A convergent parallel mixed-methods study was conducted among adults in the Bagamoyo district. A multistage Stratified random sampling was used to select participants. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and using logistic regression, while qualitative data were analysed thematically using NVivo. Results: Among 394 recruited participants, 293 (74.4%) were female and 101 (25.6%) male. Most participants had a primary level education (266, 67.5%), while 128 (32.5%) had secondary or tertiary education. The majority were married (297, 75.4%), and 97 (24.6%) were either separated or unmarried. Regarding economic status, 244 participants (61.9%) earned less than Tsh. 50,000. General knowledge of clinical trials was low, with most participants scoring below 60%. However, we found a positive attitude towards participation in clinical trials. Logistic regression revealed that poor knowledge was significantly associated with being male (AOR, 22.95 (95% CI: 10.27–51.28, p = 0.001)), age above 55 years (AOR of 2.43 (95% CI: 1.29–4.55, p = 0.006)) and unemployment (AOR of 2.39 (95% CI: 1.27–4.53, p = 0.007)). Positive attitudes towards clinical trial participation were significantly associated with being female (AOR) 7.61 (95% CI: 4.32–13.39, p < 0.001), age 44 years and below, (AOR: 2.22 (95% CI: 1.27–3.86, p = 0.005) and employment (AOR of 1.89 (95% CI: 1.08–3.32, p = 0.03). Conclusions: Despite low levels of knowledge, the general population in the Bagamoyo district demonstrated a high willingness to participate in clinical trials. To address the knowledge gap, targeted educational interventions should focus on older adults and the unemployed. Furthermore, policies supporting community outreach and awareness campaigns may help strengthen public understanding and sustain positive attitudes toward clinical research.
High Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Human-Impacted Soil and Surface Runoff Negatively Affect Water Quality at Momella Lakes, Tanzania
(MDPI, 2026-02-28) Lihepanyama, Deogratias; Ndakidemi, Patrick; Marwa, Janeth; Treydte, Anna
Human land use in catchment areas has become a global concern due to its profound effects on water quality degradation. Associated eutrophication and algal bloom outbreaks in aquatic ecosystems pose an increasing threat to species that rely exclusively on water for foraging and breeding. In soda lakes, harmful algal blooms have caused fatal effects on lesser flamingos (Phoeniconaias minor), which are obligatory filter feeders and vital bio-indicators. However, little is known about how human land use affects nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) levels in soil and surface runoff at a watershed scale, particularly in human-dominated areas bordering the eastern African soda lakes. We aimed to understand how these levels differ between protected and unprotected land and how they might affect lesser flamingo foraging sources. We analyzed 72 surface soil and 13 surface runoff samples for N and P concentrations along valleys that potentially drain water into the Momella lakes, northern Tanzania. We found a higher soil P concentration in unprotected than in protected land, and at both sites, soil N and P concentrations were negatively related to slope. Water P concentrations in surface runoff from the unprotected land exceeded the United States Environmental Protection Agency recommended threshold (<0.1 mg/L), suggesting that human land use might negatively impact water quality and, thus, the foraging resources of flamingos in the Momella lakes. We recommend optimizing nutrient management strategies in the watershed to reduce nutrient enrichment from human-dominated areas in these unique soda lakes in Tanzania.
Individual differences in technological readiness and the adoption of solar dryers: The case of horticultural smallholder farmers in Northern Tanzania
(Taylor & Fransic Online, 2026) Kimaro, Dismas; Kivevele, Thomas; Nyangarika, Anthony
Adoption of solar dryers among smallholder farmers in developing countries remains low, despite their proven potential to enhance food security. While prior studies emphasize techno-socio-economic barriers, they often overlook individual psychological traits that likely shape adoption behaviour, assuming uniform adoption patterns and limiting targeted interventions. This study addresses this gap by examining farmers’ technology readiness classes and assessing how psychological and sociodemographic factors influence solar dryer adoption. Using survey data from 447 horticultural smallholder farmers in northern Tanzania, the study was guided by the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) framework. Latent class analysis (LCA) was employed to segment farmers into distinct readiness classes, while categorical structural equation modelling (SEM) assessed the association of TRI traits, sociodemographic factors, and adoption probability. The results identified four technological readiness classes, with 95.5% of farmers in low-TR groups: hesitators (35.8%), sceptics (30.6%), and laggards (29.1%). Among TRI constructs, optimism (β = 0.59) and innovativeness (β = 0.32), along with education (β = 0.13), significantly increased the likelihood of adoption from 50% to 64%, 58%, and 53%, respectively. Gender (β = −0.323) indicated that male farmers’ probability of adopting solar dryers drops to 42%. These findings highlight the importance of tailored interventions that foster positive technology attitudes, enhance innovativeness, empower women, and support education-based capacity building. By integrating LCA with SEM, the study provides a novel, empirical demonstration of how psychological and sociodemographic factors jointly shape the likelihood of solar dryer adoption, offering actionable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers to design context-specific strategies.
Effect of Stakeholder Engagement in Strategy Monitoring and Evaluation on the Performance of Catholic Parishes in Arusha
(African Journal of Emerging Issues, 2026-03-14) Musyimi, Raphael; Marwa, Janeth; Pasape, Liliane
Background: Stakeholder engagement is essential for the performance and sustainability of Catholic parishes, especially where parishes face issues such as inconsistent participation, weak accountability, and limited feedback mechanisms during the strategy monitoring and evaluation (M&E) phase. Objective: This study examined the effect of stakeholder participation in M&E processes on parish performance, with a focus on spiritual, social, and developmental outcomes. Methodology: Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study surveyed 460 respondents from diverse stakeholder groups, including clergy, parish council members, apostolic association leaders, and lay faithful. Quantitative data were examined using descriptive statistics and structural equation modelling (SEM), whilst qualitative insights were obtained from semi-structured interviews. Findings: The results showed a strong positive link between stakeholder engagement in M&E and enhanced parish performance, with a path coefficient of 0.712 between strategy monitoring and parish performance, indicating that stakeholder involvement significantly influences outcomes. Conclusions and Recommendations: Parishes that actively involve stakeholders in strategy formulation, implementation, and evaluation achieve higher levels of community outreach, financial sustainability, and operational efficiency. Catholic parishes in Arusha should institutionalize participatory M&E systems, ensuring that all stakeholders, particularly lay faithful, are involved in decision-making processes to foster greater accountability, responsiveness, and alignment with community needs.
Determinants of household adoption of water treatment and safe storage technologies among pastoral communities in Tanzania
(Springer Nature, 2026-03-17) Shashi, Njile; Bett, Hillary; Mathenge, Mary
Agricultural markets play a crucial role in enhancing smallholder farmers’ participation in markets. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of studies on market outlet choices among smallholder cattle farmers, particularly in Africa where markets are fragmented and weakly integrated. Subsequently, there is a limited understanding of the drivers influencing the choices of market outlets and implications for fostering beef farmers’ market participation and socio-economic transformation. This study intends to fill this gap by examining the factors determining market outlet decisions among beef farmers in Monduli and Longido districts, Tanzania. Multistage sampling method was employed to identify beef farmers in the selected rural areas. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to solicit data from 400 smallholder cattle farmers selected through a simple random sampling. Analysis of the collected data involved estimation of descriptive statistics and econometric analysis. The multivariate probit regression showed that, age and extension services positively and significantly influenced market outlet choices (p < 0.01). Contrariwise, sex, group membership, distance to the nearest main road, tropical livestock unit (TLU), off-farm income and shock occurrences negatively and significantly influenced market outlet decisions. The findings evince that, agricultural extension services and distance to roads are imperative in influencing smallholder farmers’ market outlet choices. The study asserts the need to bridge extension services and rural infrastructure to enhance beef farmers’ participation in profitable livestock market outlets.
Determinants of household adoption of water treatment and safe storage technologies among pastoral communities in Tanzania
(Elsevier Ltd., 2026-03-26) Horogo, Juliana; Mtavangu, Stanislaus; Pasape, Liliane; Moyo, Francis; Machunda, Revocatus; Kitole, Felician; Sesabo, Jeniffer
Household Water Treatment and Safe Storage (HWTS) technologies play a crucial role in ensuring safe drinking water and preventing waterborne diseases. However, among pastoral communities, in Tanzania, the adoption of these technologies remains low due to various socio-economic and cultural challenges. Therefore, the present study examines the factors influencing the adoption of HWTS technologies among rural households in Tanzania. Using a cross-sectional research design, data were collected from 350 respondents across two villages, Oleng’wadu and Ilikirimuni, in Meru district, through structured questionnaires, and analyzed by descriptive and Probit regression model. Findings revealed that most households rely on public tap water (49%), followed by rainwater (22%) and private taps (18%). Adoption of HWTS is mainly due to microbial contamination (32%) and visible dirtiness of water (31%). Non-adoption is linked to absence of illness from water (26%) and perceived water cleanliness (20.7%). Boiling is the most common HWTS method (49.5%), followed by settling (19.7%) and filtering (8.9%). Regression results show HWTS adoption increases with education (0.5039), age (0.2037), and loan access (5.3578). Adoption is also influenced by awareness (0.4372), unsafe water perception (0.4585), and disease experience like amoeba (0.6436). These results suggest that to increase the uptake of HWTS, it is essential to promote community-based education that enhances awareness and corrects risk perceptions about unsafe water. Financial support mechanisms such as subsidies and microloans should be introduced to improve affordability. Strengthening distribution systems will ensure HWTS products are consistently available, especially in rural areas. Lastly, integrating HWTS into public health policies and encouraging community participation will foster long-term adoption.
Economic drivers of GDP per capita growth in Tanzania: the role of start-up costs, industrial employment, and technological cooperation
(Springer Nature, 2026-02-28) Kachunga, Bikiombe; Nyangarika, Anthony; Mikhaylov, Alexey; Morkovkin, Dmitry; Shah, Farooq Ahmed
The aim of the paper is analysis of business start-up and procedures, technical cooperation, and employment in industry as economic drivers on GDP Per Capita in Tanzania using a quantitative approach, utilizing regression analysis, VAR basic analysis, Johansen test of cointegration, and granger causality test on time series data from 1990 to 2023. The regression analysis revealed that employment in the industry had a strong positive impact on GDP per capita (coefficient = 0.5552, t-value = 27.90, p-value = 0.000). However, the cost of business start-up and procedures (% of GNI per capita) negatively affected GDP per capita (coefficient = − 0.0817, t-value = − 5.61, p-value = 0.000). Furthermore, the Granger causality test showed a one-way causality where employment in the industry significantly influences GDP per capita (chi-square = 13.945, p-value = 0.001). This study highlights that reducing the cost of business start-up procedures is vital for fostering entrepreneurship and innovation, as high start-up costs negatively impact GDP per capita by limiting business formation, competition, and economic efficiency. Furthermore, the strong positive relationship between employment in industry and GDP per capita calls for policies that promote industrial job creation to drive sustainable economic growth and enhance national productivity. This paper demonstrates the significant impact of employment in the industry on GDP per capita, highlights the negative influence of high business start-up costs on economic growth, posing empirical evidence to guide policy interventions in developing economies like Tanzania.
Financial management practices and Agri-SME performance: does subjective financial literacy hold the key?
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2026-01-10) Mang’ana, Kulwa
this study investigates how four key financial management practices (FMps), namelythe working capital, capital budgeting, financial reporting, and financing affect agri-sMEperformance in tanzania, focusing on the mediating role of the manager’s subjectivefinancial literacy (self-perceived competence). using a cross-sectional survey of 385tanzanian agri-sME managers, data were analyzed via pls-sEM with 5,000 bootstraps.anchored in the resource Based view and behavioral finance, results show thatfinancing practices (β ≈ 0.17) and subjective literacy (β ≈ 0.13) significantly enhanceperformance (p < 0.05). Furthermore, working capital management and capital budgetingsignificantly boosted subjective literacy (p < 0.05). importantly, financial reportingsignificantly reduced perceived competence (β≈−0.23, p < 0.05), suggesting potentialcognitive misalignment. indirect paths via literacy were positive but not statisticallysignificant (p > 0.05). the study recommended that support programs must pair accessto finance with capability building that bolsters perceived financial competence, andreporting tools must be simplified.
Influence of structural and relational social capital on the vegetable supply chain performance among smallholder vegetable farmers in Northern Tanzania
(Springer Nature, 2026-01-05) Luoga, Ritha; Nyangarika, Anthony; Mkunda, Josephine
In the context of increasingly fragmented and informal agricultural markets, social capital has emerged as a vital resource for enhancing the coordination, efficiency and resilience of the vegetable supply chain. However, little is known about how organizations leverage the relational based resources to drive value creation. Drawing from relational exchange theory, the study aims to establish the influence of structural and relational social capital on the vegetable supply chain performance, utilizing the perceptions of 215 smallholder vegetable farmers in Northern Tanzania. The social capital variables such as trust, social networks and social organizations, were measured to establish their effect on farmers exchange satisfaction, a proxy for supply chain performance. This effect was moderated by the perceived farmers’ certainty on the market environment. Structure equation modelling was adopted for analysis. Findings show a positive and significant (p<0.01) relationship between the farmers’ social organizations and trust on group members and traders on their exchange satisfaction. Consequently, there is a positive and significant relationship between farmers perceived exchange certainty of the market environment and their satisfaction (p<0.01). These results imply that farmers need to utilize the social relationships not only within their organizations but extending to create stronger social ties with their trading partners for improved financial and non-financial performance of the vegetable supply chain
Financial management practices and performance of agricultural small and medium enterprises in Tanzania
(Elsevier Ltd., 2023-03-29) Mang'ana, Kulwa; Ndyetabula, Daniel; Hokororo, Silver
Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in agriculture sector, contribute significantly to economic change in developing countries by addressing a wide range of unemployment, nutrition, income poverty, and food security issues. Despite their critical role and contribution to economic growth, they have received a great deal of criticism for their poor performance. Most of the challenges confronting these agro-enterprises, however, are the result of poor financial management practices. Previous research studies have indicated generally that financial management practices have an impact on the performance and success for small businesses, yet scholarly research shows there is limited empirical evidence on which financial management practices have an influence on the agri-SMEs performance, which is why it was critical to examine this phenomenon. A total of 427 SMEs in Tanzania's agricultural sector were surveyed and examined. The developed hypotheses were evaluated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart PLS 4 to determine the effect of implementing financial management practices on the performance of agri-SME. Findings from the empirical study shows that working capital management practices and financing management practices have significant positive influence on both financial and organizational performance of the surveyed agro enterprises, while the accounting, financial reporting practices and capital budgeting management practices have insignificant influence on the performance agri-SMEs performance. Based on the findings, the study recommends that the government and regulatory authorities such as the Small Industries Development Organization (SIDO) must continue to emphasize their policies for improved agri-SME performance and sustainability while directly or indirectly encourage managers (venture owners) to consider working capital and financing practices as core to their financial management strategies.
The influence of security and reward on behavioral intention to adopt mobile payment: A comparative analysis of users versus non-users in Tanzania's handicraft industry
(Elsevier Ltd., 2025-09-25) Mbuya, Kennedy; Chachage, Bukaza; Pasape, Liliane
The users and non-users were compared to determine how security and rewards influenced intentions to adopt mobile payment systems. The research philosophy adopted for the study was post-positivist, approach type was quantitative, and the research was cross-sectional. The perspective of merchants was included by considering the owners of handicraft shops in Tanzania as the study population. Sampling was conducted using multistage non-probability sampling, which involved purposive and convenience sampling methods. Data collection occurred at the Maasai Market in Arusha, Mwenge Wood Carvers Market in Dar es Salaam, and Stone Town curios and craft shops in Zanzibar. Data was gathered through closed questionnaires, yielding a total of 427 respondents: 219 users and 208 non-users. The analyses of data were conducted using Covariance Based-Structural Equation Modeling (CB-SEM) with SPSS version 27 and Smart-PLS4 and AMOS software. The results show that similar findings appeared on both groups (such as user and non-user), security has a significant positive effect on the intention of mobile payment, and rewards has a non-significant effect. From multi group analysis there was no significant difference in the influence of security and reward factors on behavioral intention across both groups. This study contributes to the existing theoretical extend and offers practical implications and further research direction.
Impact of postharvest handling technologies on income of tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) smallholder farmers in Mvomero, Morogoro, Tanzania
(Taylor & Fransic Online, 2025-01-25) Geofrey, Robert; Mkuna, Eliaza; Nyamwero, Nyamsabhi; Mang’ana, Kulwa
This study investigates how smallholder tomato farmers in Mvomero District, Tanzania, utilize postharvest handling technologies (PHTs) and analyzes the factors influencing their adoption. We also assess the impact of PHTs on farmer income. Using a cross-sectional survey of 201 farmers, the study finds that a variety of PHTs are used, including lower-energy cool storage, Coolbot™ units, zero-energy cool chambers, and improved containers. Probit and ordinary least squares models reveal that factors such as farmer age, male gender, access to specific PHTs (Coolbot™, zero-energy chambers, improved containers), extension services, credit access, and shade use all significantly influence the adoption of PHTs. The study suggests that policymakers should design interventions considering different income levels. Strengthening extension services by increasing the number of workers and providing them with adequate resources is crucial to promote PHT adoption among tomato farmers, ultimately leading to increased income.
Cold Chain Technology Adoption in Agriculture: Insights from the UTAUT Model on Vegetable Producers’ Willingness
(Journal of Technology Management & Innovation, 2025-04-23) Mkunda, Josephine
The UTAUT model has been extensively applied in fields like information technology and education, but its application in the agricultural sector, regarding cold chain technology adoption among vegetable producers, remains scarce. Despite its potential to reduce significant post-harvest losses and improve food security, the adoption of CCT remains limited in low-resource agricultural settings. Using data collected from 87 vegetable producers and analyzed through Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM), the study examines the influence of performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions on behavioral intention. Data from 87 vegetable producers who used the technology was collected to test the hypothesized model. The model explained 58.9% of the variance in adoption intention, with performance expectancy (β = 0.491, p ≤ 0.000), social influence (β = 0.211, p ≤ 0.05), and facilitating conditions (β = 0.206, p ≤ 0.05) emerging as significant predictors. The Effort expectancy, while positively perceived, did not show a significant effect, suggesting that ease of use is secondary to perceived utility. The findings underscore the importance of performance-driven messaging, peer influence, and supportive infrastructure in scaling agro-technologies. In conclusion, Vegetable producers indicate willingness to accept, adopt and use the technology; it is recommended that the training on the operation of the technology should be taken into account. This research contributes to the technology adoption literature in agriculture and informs policy and practice aimed at enhancing food system resilience and achieving sustainable development outcomes.
Ecological Impact in Northern Tanzania using Heckman AI Two-Step Selection Model
(Research in Ecology, 2025-07-02) Luoga, Ritha; Nyangarika, Anthony; Mkunda, Josephine
This study explores the determinants of impact on ecology in Northern Tanzania. By examining key socio-economic, institutional, and structural factors influencing engagement the study provides insights in strengthening agribusiness networks and improving livelihoods. Data was collected from 215 farmers and 320 traders through a multistage sampling procedure. Heckman AI sample selection model was used in data analysis whereby the findings showed key factors influencing farmers’ decisions on ecology were gender and years of formal education at p < 0.1, and access to finance and off-farm income at p < 0.05. The degree of farmers participation in social groups was influenced by age, household size, off-farm income and business network at p < 0.05, number of years in formal education and access to finance at p < 0.01, and distance to the market at p < 0.1. The decision of traders to impact on ecology was significantly influenced by age and trading experience at p < 0.1. Meanwhile, the degree of their involvement in social groups was strongly affected by gender, formal education, and trust at p < 0.01, as well as by access to finance and business networks at p < 0.05. The study concluded that natural ecology is influenced by socio economic and structural factors but trust among group members determine the degree of participation. The study recommends that strategies to improve agribusiness networks should understand underlying causes of impact on ecology and strengthen available social groups to improve performance of farmers and traders.
The Role of Market Efficiency on Spices Production: A Systematic Literature Review
(Open Access Library Journal, 2025-07-28) Kwesigabo, Erick; Mohamed, Salum; Sassi, Akinyi
The objective guiding this systematic literature review was to assess the role of market efficiency in spices production. The study reviewed 44 international publications from ScienceDirect published from 2010 to 2023 that address the effect of access to market information on spices production, guided by PRISMA 2020 framework. Results from this systematic review suggest that market effi ciency has a substantial influence on spice production; access to perfect market information has a significant and positive influence on spice production in ma jority of smallholder farmers. However, the impact of access to market infor mation has varying magnitude among producers depending on geographical location; in this regard, various types of producers require different considera tion with respect to this parameter. We therefore recommended dedicated sup port from relevant authorities to create a conducive infrastructure to enhance rapid access to market information by smallholder farmers.
Analysis of Legal Conundrums in Division of Co-owned Real Property Following Divorce in Tanzania
(Law Reform Commission of Tanzania, 2024-03) Jangu, Luckness
Ownership of real property among spouses is regulated by the Constitution, land, and marriage laws. The Constitution guarantees the right to own property, while the Land Act specifies conditions permitting spouses to co-own land. The Law of Marriage Act (LMA) unifies and harmonizes existing multiple regimes of marriage and recognizes all forms of marriage. However, the LMA is silent, and its provisions have notable challenges and or are irrelevant in the distribution of co-owned real property upon divorce in monogamous and polygamous marriages. Likewise, there is a legal conundrum attached to provisions of the LMA, the Land Act, and the Land Registration Act. This Article analyses these challenges and concludes that the LMA has not been aligned with property laws. In this regard, it is irrelevant in the distribution of co-owned real property between spouses at the time of divorce. The Article recommends the amendment of the LMA and its rules to accommodate the division of co-owned real property during divorce.
Protection of Third Parties’ Interest in Real Property During the Division of Matrimonial Property in Mainland Tanzania
(Law Reform Commission of Tanzania, 2024-03) Jangu, Luckness
The article specifically assesses the overlooked phenomenon of protection of third- party interest in real property during the division of matrimonial property after divorce in polygamous marriages under the Law of Marriage Act (LMA). The article is inspired by the Constitution of the United Republic of Tanzania and the Land Act which provides the right to property of every person and the protection of such property by the law and that any interest in land has value which should be considered during any disposition of property. Data for the article was obtained through doctrinal and comparative legal methodologies. It is noted that the laws regulating the division of matrimonial property at the time of divorce fall short in the protection of the third party’s interest in real property at the time of the division of real matrimonial property. It is concluded that the LMA should be amended to accord the right to third parties to defend their interest in real property during the division of such property after divorce by enacting relevant provisions to that effect.
An Examination of the Law of Marriage: Act regarding the Distribution of Matrimonial Real Property in the Context of Customary and Islamic Polygamous Marriages in Mainland Tanzania
(International Journal of Law Management & Humanities, 2024) Jangu, Luckness
This paper examines the Law of Marriage Act as it pertains to the division of matrimonial real property within the context of customary and Islamic marriages in Mainland Tanzania. It highlights the legal frameworks governing property rights, identifying disparities and challenges faced by spouses in these marriage types. The study reveals that while the Act aims to provide equitable property distribution, it often falls short in addressing the unique cultural and religious dynamics of customary and Islamic practices. Key issues include inadequate legal recognition of non-formalized marriages and conflicting interpretations of property rights. By analyzing case law and existing literature, this paper advocates for reforms to enhance legal clarity and ensure fair treatment for all spouses, promoting gender equity and protecting the rights of individuals within diverse marital contexts. Ultimately, it underscores the need for an inclusive legal approach to matrimonial property rights in Tanzania.
The Legal Complexities of the Relief in Division of Matrimonial Real Property upon Divorce in Mainland Tanzania: Lessons from Kenya
(African Journal of Law and Practice, 2024-12) Jangu, Luckness
The Law of Marriage Act, 2019 provides two main reliefs on the division of matrimonial property to spouses during divorce: The division of the property or the sale of property and distribution of proceeds. Division or sale of the property and the distribution of proceeds of the sale affects divorcing and non-divorcing spouses in polygamous marriages. Non- divorcing spouses can prevent the execution of a valid decree since their contribution or interest in the property was not considered during divorce proceedings. Courts are restricted to these reliefs since the Law of Marriage Act lacks other reliefs which take into consideration the convolutions of polygamous marriage and the intricacies of real property in the division. This article examines the legal complexities of reliefs in the division of matrimonial real property in polygamous marriages. The article uses doctrinal and comparative methodologies, exploring Kenya's reliefs during the division of matrimonial property to inform potential reforms in Mainland Tanzania’s legal framework. The article asserts that the reliefs in section 114 of the Law of Marriage Act are insufficient to address the challenges of property division in polygamous divorce. The Article advocates for comprehensive legal reforms on reliefs to address the unique dynamics of polygamous marriages.

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