Browsing Life sciences and Bio-engineering by Title
Now showing items 756-775 of 1090
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Pastoral production is associated with increased peste des petits ruminants seroprevalence in northern Tanzania across sheep, goats and cattle
(Cambridge University Press, 2019-07-18)Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) causes a contagious disease of high morbidity and mortality in small ruminant populations globally. Using cross-sectional serosurvey data col- lected in 2016, our study investigated ... -
Pathogenicity and Approaches for Management of Anthracnose in Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) in Africa
(INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY, 2022-10-16)Common bean plays significant role for human health globally and consumption of common bean is high in Africa as compared to other regions of the world. Despite common bean’s potential in Africa, productivity remains low ... -
Pattern and Distribution of Colorectal Cancer in Tanzania: A Retrospective Chart Audit at Two National Hospitals
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2016-08-09)Background. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a growing public health concern with increasing rates in countries with previously known low incidence. This study determined pattern and distribution of CRC in Tanzania and identified ... -
Patterns of multimorbidity and their association with hospitalisation: a population-based study of older adults in urban Tanzania.
(Oxford University Press, 2021-03-26)Background while the HIV epidemic remains a considerable challenge in sub-Saharan Africa, a dramatic reduction in the associated mortality has led to a fundamental shift in the public health priorities aimed at tackling ... -
Perceived facilitators and barriers to enrolment in health insurance among people working in the informal sector in Morogoro, Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2022-06)Health financing is an important pathway towards universal health coverage (UHC). In Tanzania, despite an improved Community Health Fund (iCHF) rollout, people in the informal sector haven’t been fully enrolled. This ... -
Perception and Risk Factors Associated with Tuberculosis in the Manyara Region, Tanzania2
(MDPI, 2023-10-06)Tuberculosis (TB) results from infection with members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and represents a major global public health concern. We here sought to assess the perceptions of human and animal TB ... -
Perceptions and experiences of community-networks that facilitate engagement in health research: Ifakara Health Institute-Bagamoyo case-study
(NM-AIST, 2021-05)Involvement of communities in the field of health research collectively known as community engagement is considered as ethical conduct of research. At the Ifakara Health Research Institute (IHI) in Bagamoyo, Tanzania, ... -
Performance analysis of an improved solar dryer integrated with multiple metallic solar concentrators for drying fruits
(Elsevier Ltd., 2020-07-01)Reducing postharvest losses (PHL) of fresh perishable agro-produce is a key strategic pathway to increasing incomes, food and nutrition security in East Africa. In response, an improved Hybrid Indirect Passive (HIP) solar ... -
Performance characteristics and costs of serological tests for brucellosis in a pastoralist community of northern Tanzania
(Springer Nature Limited, 2021-03-09)The control of brucellosis across sub-Saharan Africa is hampered by the lack of standardized testing and the use of tests with poor performance. This study evaluated the performance and costs of serological assays for human ... -
Performance of Pinus patula in Areas Invaded by Acacia mearnsii in Sao Hill Forest Plantation, Southern Tanzania
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2020-07-06)Problems associated with the invasiveness of exotic tree species such as Acacia mearnsii have increased recently causing vast damage in environment and economy worldwide. Sao Hill Forest Plantation (SHFP) in southern ... -
Performance of Pinus patula in Areas Invaded by Acacia mearnsii in Sao Hill Forest Plantation, Southern Tanzania
(Taylor & Francis Online, 2020-07-06)Problems associated with the invasiveness of exotic tree species such as Acacia mearnsii have increased recently causing vast damage in environment and economy worldwide. Sao Hill Forest Plantation (SHFP) in southern ... -
Performance of selected cowpea (vigna unguiculata (l.) walp) varieties in different soil types in Singida District, Tanzania
(NM-AIST, 2017-12)A participatory research was conducted in Singida District central Tanzania under Singida Nutrition and Agro ecological Project (SNAP), during the 2016/2017 cropping season to evaluate the performance of cowpea (Vigna ... -
Performance of Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay Compared to Alere TB-LAM in Urine of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients with HIV Co-Infections
(MDPI, 2023-02-23)Alternative tools are needed to improve the detection of M. tuberculosis (M. tb) in HIV co-infections. We evaluated the utility of Tuberculosis Molecular Bacterial Load Assay (TB-MBLA) compared to lipoarabinomannan (LAM) ... -
Persistence and diversity of Theileria parva in East Coast fever vaccinated and unvaccinated cattle
(NM-AIST, 2019-11)Infection and Treatment Method (ITM) has been practiced in Tanzania for over 20 years now as a prevention method against East Coast Fever (ECF). However, there is less information regarding the persistence of the Theileria ... -
Peste des petits ruminants Virus Transmission Scaling and Husbandry Practices That Contribute to Increased Transmission Risk: An Investigation among Sheep, Goats, and Cattle in Northern Tanzania
(MDPI, 2020-08-24)Peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV) causes an infectious disease of high morbidity and mortality among sheep and goats which impacts millions of livestock keepers globally. PPRV transmission risk varies by production ... -
Pesticidal Plant Extracts Improve Yield and Reduce Insect Pests on Legume Crops Without Harming Beneficial Arthropods
(Original Research, 2018-09-28)In the fight against arthropod crop pests using plant secondary metabolites, most research has focussed on the identification of bioactive molecules. Several hundred candidate plant species and compounds are now known ... -
Pesticide exposure and genotoxic effects as measured by DNA damage and human monitoring biomarkers.
(Taylor & Francis online, 2019-11-18)Occupational pesticides exposure rises health concern due to genotoxicity and accumulation of pesticides in human biological matrices. Continuous and sublethal exposure to pesticides had been associated with oxidative ... -
Pesticide exposure from fresh tomatoes and its relationship with pesticide application practices in Meru district
(Cogent OA, 2016-06-16)Tomato pesticides health risk was assessed in Meru district of Arusha region, one of the key tomato producers in Tanzania. Tomato samples and consumption information were collected from 50 farmers using Food and Drug ... -
Pesticide Residues in Vegetables: Practical Interventions to Minimize the Risk of Human Exposure in Tanzania
(Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology, 2018-02)Malpractices in the use of pesticides in vegetable production have been reported in the horticultural sector in developing countries. This can result in excessive use of pesticides and, subsequently, in unacceptable ... -
Pesticide sensitivity of Nothobranchius neumanni, a temporary pond predator with a non-generic life-history
(Elsevier, 2022-03)Pesticides are crucial to improve agricultural productivity, but often adversely affect surrounding aquatic systems and their fauna. To determine the environmental risk of pesticides, routine ecotoxicological tests are ...