Capacitive deionization: a promising technology for water defluoridation: a review
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Date
2021-08-30
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
IWA Publishing
Abstract
Capacitive deionization (CDI) is among the promising technologies employed for water purification. CDI has been studied for the removal of
various ionic species from water including fluoride ion (F ) with promising results. However, there is no comprehensive literature that sum marizes the use of CDI for water defluoridation applications. Therefore, this review paper critically analyzes different electrode materials that
have been studied for water defluoridation, their electrosorption capacities and F removal efficiencies. It further discussed the parameters
that influence CDI efficiency during defluoridation and point out the issues of F selectivity when co-existing with other ions in the solution.
We can conclude that different electrode materials have shown different abilities in electrosorption of F . The carbon-based materials pos sess high surface area and good electrical conductivity which is paramount for ion adsorption but gives lack selectivity for F removal. Metal
oxides and hydroxides have been reported with improved electrosorption capacity and high selectivity to F due to the ion exchange
between the F and the hydroxyls surface of the metal oxides/hydroxides. Apart from the good performance of these materials for defluor idation, the discovery of actual practical use of the electrode materials for defluoridation for commercial scale
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation, SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being, SDG 9: Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure.
Keywords
Capacitive deionization, Defluoridation, Electrode materials, Electrosorptio